AMALAN PENGURUSAN-PERNIAGAAN ISLAMIK - NIK ZAFRI/MOHD SUKRI YAHYA

Foto : Nik Zafri dan Mohd Sukri menandatangani Perjanjian Penerbitan Buku Amalan Pengurusan dan Perniagaan Islam.

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Baru-baru ini ada permintaan dari beberapa penerbit di Malaysia yang telah menghubungi saya setelah melihat manuskrip yang pertama dan telah menyuarakan hasrat meminta saya menulis buku yang telah lama saya pendam pengeluarannya iaitu mengenai amalan pengurusan dan perniagaan Islam terbaik (best Islamic Management and Business Services) pada zaman (khalaf) ini. 

Walaupun telah banyak bahan yang dipaparkan mengenai topik yang sama, namun terdapat perbezaan ketara dalam apa yang bakal saya keluarkan nanti.Buku atau panduan ini dijangka akan menjadi petunjuk alternatif yang juga dapat diharmonikan dengan semua standard/piawaian halal dan pengurusan Islam termasuk perbankan Islam di Malaysia.

Berikut adalah petikan dari muka hadapan buku berkenaan yang ditulis bersama oleh Encik Md Sukri :

DARI MEJA PENGARANG

Alhamdulillah, setelah menjalankan kajian lebih dua dekad, akhirnya terhasil juga buku ini sebagai salah satu wadah perjuangan kami untuk mencapai hasrat menjana ekonomi ummah pada zaman khalaf.

Kini umat Melayu Islam sedunia hari ini masih mencari-cari satu kaedah pengurusan dan perniagaan Islamik untuk disesuaikan pada zaman khalaf.

Penggunaan perkataan "Islamik" menggambarkan bahawa isi kandungan ciri-ciri ini telah diterapkan dengan nilai-nilai Islam.

Ini berlaku kerana terlalu banyak input dari pelbagai kajian Islamik yang perlu diproses namun, untuk menganalisa data-data yang banyak ini bagi tujuan mengaturnya kembali bagi memudahkan kefahaman bukanlah semudah yang disangkakan.

Pesanan kami kepada pembaca terutamanya mereka dari kalangan professional dan kakitangan pelbagai industri termasuk perkhidmatan awam; dalam membaca buku ini; tentunya tuan/puan akan terlihat unsur-unsur yang mirip kepada piawaian ISO 9000 dan lain-lain piawaian antarabangsa.

Walaupun demikian, untuk pengetahuan pembaca :

a. Pendekatan buku ini akan mengikut proses perniagaan (di mana poin perniagaan biasanya bermula secara tipikal) dan boleh terus disesuaikan dengan apa juga jenis organisasi.

Sidang pengarang juga telah memberikan contoh-contoh dan istilah-istilah yang mudah difahami dalam setiap ciri-ciri yang dipaparkan,

Manakala piawaian ISO pendekatannya berbentuk elemen yang sekurang-kurangnya perlu diatur kembali mengikut kesesuaian proses/operasi dan tiada contoh-contoh konkrit diberikan.

b. Buku ini bukan bertujuan untuk mencapai sebarang persijilan seperti ISO ianya hanyalah panduan yang mengandungi ciri-ciri Islamik – ianya boleh disesuaikan kepada apa juga bentuk organisasi malah boleh dijadikan prinsip secara individu,

c. Walaubagaimanapun, rujuksilang tetap dilakukan kepada dokumentasi ISO, pelbagai piawaian halal dan pengurusan Islam yang lain untuk memudahkan kefahaman,

d. Buku ini tidak akan menjadi satu tindanan (overlapping) kepada mana-mana piawaian ISO, ianya hanyalah satu pilihan kepada pembaca dan pengamal pengurusan perniagaan Islam.

Tetapi sekiranya ada pihak yang berminat untuk meningkatkan taraf buku ini kepada piawaian, sidang pengarang sentiasa bersedia untuk berbincang secara lanjut.

Adalah diharapkan buku ini akan mendapat keredhaan dan rahmat Allah SWT supaya isi kandungannya dapat dilaksanakan paling hampir dengan kehendak syarak di zaman penuh mencabar ini.

Juga nawaitu kami ialah untuk mengkayakan lagi khazanah keilmuan Islamik dan dapat diharmonikan dengan sistem yang sediada seperti perbankan dan kewangan Islam, sistem perakaunan/pengauditan berorientasikan Islam, pelaburan Islam, piawaian halal, piawaian pengurusan Islam yang lain dan sebagainya.

Setelah buku ini dicetak, sidang pengarang dijangka; InsyaAllah; akan mengadakan siri-siri bengkel dan latihan serta perundingan dengan kerjasama agensi-agensi yang berkaitan. InsyaAllah, buku ini bukanlah buku yang terakhir bagi kami, akan ada lagi siri-siri komplimentari (siri-siri mini) yang akan dikeluarkan dalam tempoh yang terdekat.

Wassalam

SIDANG PENGARANG

NIK ZAFRI BIN ABDUL MAJID

MUHAMMAD SUKRI BIN YAHYA

Antara kandungan buku (ciri-ciri utama) ini ialah :

1.0 PEMASARAN- R & D, Tinjauan Pemasaran, Periklanan dan Promosi  berkonsepkan ta'sir, qimah, tanpa unsur ihtikar dan gharar serta mengambilkira :

i) MS 1500:2009 (M), Makanan halal -Pengeluaran, penyediaan, pengendalian dan penyimpanan -Garis panduan umum (Semakan kedua)

ii). MS 2200:Part 1:2008, Islamic Consumer Goods -Part1: Cosmetic and Personal Care -General Guidelines

iii). MS 2400-1:2010, Halalan-Toyyiban Assurance Pipeline -Management system requirements for transportation of goods and/or cargo chain services

iv). MS 2400-2:2010, Halalan-Toyyiban Assurance Pipeline -Management system requirements for warehousing and related activities

v). MS 2400-3:2010, Halalan-Toyyiban Assurance Pipeline -Management system requirements for retailing

vi). Piawaian dan Panduan bersabit dengan GMP dan HACCP di mana berkaitan

vii) MS1900:2005 Quality Management System - Requirement From Islamic Perspectives

Jenis-jenis produk/industri spt. dharuriyah, hajiyah dan tahsiniah.

2.0 PEMBELIAN DAN PENGURUSAN HARTA - yang memaparkan konsep at-thaman, rundingan, sewaan, spesifikasi, jumlah/mutu, sampel, perlantikan pembekal, sistem kawalan kredit bai-muajjal, qa/qc, pengurusan harta alih & tidak alih, rekod, jaminan bank dari bank/kewangan Islamik, atau Bon (sukuk) dsb.

Ianya juga mengambilkira kesesuaian organisasi menggunakan - PO/Kontrak berdasarkan musamma, al-bay (barter trade/kontra), ijarah, jualan, kafalah, qard (kolateral, wang tahanan dsb) - qimi, hibah, wasiyyah/hawalah, iqalah, wadiah, muzaraah, rahn, suftajah (cek kembara), muatah (spt. memakai vending machine), umra/iarah, amanah, thunya, Tawliah, Wadhiah, Isyrak dan Murabahah dan al-inah

3.0 PERANCANGAN - yang memaparkan sumber dan prasarana, tanggungjawab pengurusan, perlantikan wakil syariah atau panel syariah, perancangan/pengurusan sumber manusia, dokumentasi dan rekod.Ianya juga mengambilkira - takhtit, tanzin dan KPI/KRA/MBO

(Dalam ciri-ciri Sumber dan Prasarana ada menyentuh mengenai kepentingan sistem perakaunan mengikut : 

'Pernyataan Prinsip Sistem Perakaunan Islam' keluaran Lembaga Piawaian Perakaunan Malaysia (MASB. Selain itu kepentingan terdapatnya 'musolla'  dalam sesebuah organisasi yang ingin mengamalkan panduan ini)

4.0 OPERASI - yang memaparkan perkara-perkara am, kemudahkesanan, penstoran, aturan barangan, kawalan peralatan ukuran, penilaian -pemeriksaan/penilaian berkala, pengredan 'patuh syariah', tatacara nilaian, ketidakpatuhan - azimah & rukhsah, penilaian susulan, penyediaan senarai ketidakpatuhan.

Konsep Penilaian adalah berdasarkan Wiqayah :

I. tandaras kejayaan – asas pencapaian matlamat organisasi

II. penjamin kelicinan operasi – tandaras ukuran dan penentuan kelicinan operasi di samping berorientasikan motivasi ke arah kejayaan.

III. Proaktif – mewujudkan dan menjangka langkah-langkah pencegahan masalah berdasarkan pengalaman, kemahiran, syor yang bernas dan lain-lain.

IV. menjalankan penilaian tanpa tujuan untuk mencari kesalahan sebaliknya sama-sama untuk mencari langkah-langkah penambahbaikan dan dijalankan dalam bentuk tidak menjatuhkan maruah seseorang.

5.0 PENAMBAHBAIKAN - yang memaparkan mesyuarat semakan semula

6.0 PELANGGAN

Buku dan panduan ini juga akan memaparkan contoh model pengurusan Islamik dengan contoh cartalir.

What Is Wrong With The System? - NIK ZAFRI

Today, some might say that all these management buzzwords such as ISO, TQM, Knowledge Management, Key Performance Indicators, Leadership etc. are waste of time, money and  most commonly...they are burdening. 

"Let us work...we're not thinkers, we don't have time for all these extra documentation"  commonly used phrases not only from the downliners but surprisingly the top management as well.

Ok, let's revisit some of the systems - not too technical but some 'loose ends to tie up'.

a) Is the system required by the organization? If so... why? If it's not required, why do it?

b) If the system is required, then how to go about it? Where to start?

c) Is the system tailored-made to the organization scope of services or product?

d) Do the system require 3rd party help? If so...do we need to spend a lot of money?

e) Will the system generate profit? How much?

f)  What do I get implementing the system?

These are the questionnaires that go unanswered. Even though there are some responses but the answers are inconsistent from one person or one company to another.

Before I go on answering these questions..let me emphasize that :

"There is NOTHING wrong with the system"

"It is always about the people running the system"

So, here comes the answers but don't count on them. They are based on my own true experience. Looking into what I have below, you will find a paradox in each of them.

a) Study the work-culture of the company first. (mind you...not the professional part but the human factor)

You may have a very good Human Resources Department in the front line, conduct psychometric tests in interviews, hiring the best candidates for the job, thorough JD and KPIs, organizing trainings and workshops and so on. 

But you will be perplexed of so many candidates being interviewed have some similarities : they always promise you 'miracles' but after being hired, they appear not to be so motivated anymore except at month end and awaiting final performance evaluation.

Yes, you can have motivation and team buildings sessions, bring them on a company trip or organizing a family day with good meals, you still can't make it, not long after the meaningful event, they go back to their old ways!

Thus, what sort of system that you need to bring in? Strange it might seems...the system must go according to the work culture and environment of the company. Bring change but not changing the work culture - the changes in the existing work culture is the prerogative of the MD or President only. 

Surprising, the top management will feel offended when people start questioning or changing the work culture. So...do not touch the work culture - even how negative it may seem to you, bring in any system, it will eventually work!

b) The system will be required when THE COMPANY START TO LOOSE MONEY! or there is a law governing the need of the system.

So bring in or suggest a cheap and affordable system first but ensure that you give a comprehensive information. 

No hiding! 

No "who move my cheese" policy! 

No "pay me first and I'll do the job"

Give the company or the top management what they need and not what you need...(money). 

Believe me, they will share the cake with you. (those who overlook to give you bonus or raise or payment - should the company is successful due to your contribution...will always LOOSE in the end - trust me..I know - it's like karma)

c) Tailor made? Yes, it must be customized according to the type of services or scope of work of the company. Do not introduce something totally irrelevant even how good you are.

d) On the issue of requiring 3rd party help...the answer is YES and NO. 

"Yes" - if you are not familiar with the system or you do not have the confidence doing the system. And later after the system is established and running, there is NO need for a consultant's help unless for maintenance only.

"No" - if you are bold enough "to go where no man has gone before" then conduct your own research - there are plenty of information and data online. Join public training, conventions, buy books or materials, join forums online etc. Ask a second opinion only when required - remember, choose the right people that you wish to enquire, otherwise you'll end up with suggestions like "let me be your advisor and consultant" and you will be back at square one.

e) The system will generate profit provided that the organization is TRANSPARENT, not greedy for money and started to control money stingily. Do not alter the figures to avoid detection of PROFIT by the financial auditors prior to year-end audit. What is there...present them...adopt a high integrity and sincerity. 

Give away bonus or perks to those who have worked hard and dilligent. There may not be a need for the employers to see 'documented evidence'. 

Just look at your subordinates below...you'll be surprised - how many staff are willing doing good job without wanting recognition (now this is what we call "JOB SATISFACTION")- just reward them...give them your full attention! These are your loyal supporters!!

f) The question of what do you get out of the implementation is subject to the following :

a) The willingness to change your mindset on :

i) If you have a Safety or Quality Policy, it is NOT a safety/quality policy, it is YOUR COMPANY's Policy - so goes to the Safety or Quality System or KRA or KPI etc. It is the COMPANY's system. It is about the way your company work and not "I'm doing this because I want the ISO cert" 

Believe me..after you get some international recognition, you and your staff will abandon the system eventually. And this abandonment will also happen when : 

ii) you think that the system is burdening you, then you will be 'murdering' the system or hoping for some miracle that the system will become an android one day and work by itself. 

iii) you have some funny ideas that "this is not part of my Job Description", "I'm not paid to this system", "I want a raise"..then you and your staff will shy away and not feel part of the system. (No OWNERSHIP feeling)

And please.... Stop the madness about qualifications and affiliationships, MBAs, PhDs, Chartered Member of some Space Garrison etc. 

-  Hire the person who can do the job,

-  Do not discriminate the 'less qualified' person by giving a low paid salary, (pay according to his performance)

-  Hire a sincere person,

-  Reward the person regardless to his/her position - office assistant, despatch rider or even a general labour if proven the person is responsible enough to promote your company and bring good projects  and prospects to you.

Think of the system as a PROFITABLE investment to you. So, be happy and proud of the system and when implementing it or reviewing them...

CHANGE THE WAY YOU LOOK AT NEGATIVENESS! 
TURN NEGATIVENESS INTO POWERFUL POSITIVE ONES!

Feel the system and you'll be fine.