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BIODATA - NIK ZAFRI


 



NIK ZAFRI BIN ABDUL MAJID,
CONSULTANT/TRAINER
Email: nikzafri@yahoo.com, nikzafri@gmail.com
https://nikzafri.wixsite.com/nikzafri

Kelantanese, Alumni of Sultan Ismail College Kelantan (SICA), IT Competency Cert, Certified Written English Professional US. Has participated in many seminars/conferences (local/ international) in the capacity of trainer/lecturer and participant.

Affiliations :- Network Member of Gerson Lehrman Group, Institute of Quality Malaysia, Auditor ISO 9000 IRCAUK, Auditor OHSMS (SIRIM and STS) /EMS ISO 14000 and Construction Quality Assessment System CONQUAS, CIDB (Now BCA) Singapore),

* Possesses almost 30 years of experience/hands-on in the multi-modern management & technical disciplines (systems & methodologies) such as Knowledge Management (Hi-Impact Management/ICT Solutions), Quality (TQM/ISO), Safety Health Environment, Civil & Building (Construction), Manufacturing, Motivation & Team Building, HR, Marketing/Branding, Business Process Reengineering, Economy/Stock Market, Contracts/Project Management, Finance & Banking, etc. He was employed to international bluechips involving in national/international megaprojects such as Balfour Beatty Construction/Knight Piesold & Partners UK, MMI Insurance Group Australia, Hazama Corporation (Hazamagumi) Japan (with Mitsubishi Corporation, JA Jones US, MMCE and Ho-Hup) and Sunway Construction Berhad (The Sunway Group of Companies). Among major projects undertaken : Pergau Hydro Electric Project, KLCC Petronas Twin Towers, LRT Tunnelling, KLIA, Petronas Refineries Melaka, Putrajaya Government Complex, Sistem Lingkaran Lebuhraya Kajang (SILK), Mex Highway, KLIA1, KLIA2 etc. Once serviced SMPD Management Consultants as Associate Consultant cum Lecturer for Diploma in Management, Institute of Supervisory Management UK/SMPD JV. Currently – Associate/Visiting Consultants/Facilitators, Advisors for leading consulting firms (local and international) including project management. To name a few – Noma SWO Consult, Amiosh Resources, Timur West Consultant Sdn. Bhd., TIJ Consultants Group (Malaysia and Singapore) and many others.

* Ex-Resident Weekly Columnist of Utusan Malaysia (1995-1998) and have produced more than 100 articles related to ISO-9000– Management System and Documentation Models, TQM Strategic Management, Occupational Safety and Health (now OHSAS 18000) and Environmental Management Systems ISO 14000. His write-ups/experience has assisted many students/researchers alike in module developments based on competency or academics and completion of many theses. Once commended by the then Chief Secretary to the Government of Malaysia for his diligence in promoting and training the civil services (government sector) based on “Total Quality Management and Quality Management System ISO-9000 in Malaysian Civil Service – Paradigm Shift Scalar for Assessment System”

Among Nik Zafri’s clients : Adabi Consumer Industries Sdn. Bhd, (MRP II, Accounts/Credit Control) The HQ of Royal Customs and Excise Malaysia (ISO 9000), Veterinary Services Dept. Negeri Sembilan (ISO 9000), The Institution of Engineers Malaysia (Aspects of Project Management – KLCC construction), Corporate HQ of RHB (Peter Drucker's MBO/KRA), NEC Semiconductor - Klang Selangor (Productivity Management), Prime Minister’s Department Malaysia (ISO 9000), State Secretarial Office Negeri Sembilan (ISO 9000), Hidrological Department KL (ISO 9000), Asahi Kluang Johor(System Audit, Management/Supervisory Development), Tunku Mahmood (2) Primary School Kluang Johor (ISO 9000), Consortium PANZANA (HSSE 3rd Party Audit), Lecturer for Information Technology Training Centre (ITTC) – Authorised Training Center (ATC) – University of Technology Malaysia (UTM) Kluang Branch Johor, Kluang General Hospital Johor (Management/Supervision Development, Office Technology/Administration, ISO 9000 & Construction Management), Kahang Timur Secondary School Johor (ISO 9000), Sultan Abdul Jalil Secondary School Kluang Johor (Islamic Motivation and Team Building), Guocera Tiles Industries Kluang Johor (EMS ISO 14000), MNE Construction (M) Sdn. Bhd. Kota Tinggi Johor (ISO 9000 – Construction), UITM Shah Alam Selangor (Knowledge Management/Knowledge Based Economy /TQM), Telesystem Electronics/Digico Cable(ODM/OEM for Astro – ISO 9000), Sungai Long Industries Sdn. Bhd. (Bina Puri Group) - ISO 9000 Construction), Secura Security Printing Sdn. Bhd,(ISO 9000 – Security Printing) ROTOL AMS Bumi Sdn. Bhd & ROTOL Architectural Services Sdn. Bhd. (ROTOL Group) – ISO 9000 –Architecture, Bond M & E (KL) Sdn. Bhd. (ISO 9000 – Construction/M & E), Skyline Telco (M) Sdn. Bhd. (Knowledge Management),Technochase Sdn. Bhd JB (ISO 9000 – Construction), Institut Kefahaman Islam Malaysia (IKIM – ISO 9000 & Internal Audit Refresher), Shinryo/Steamline Consortium (Petronas/OGP Power Co-Generation Plant Melaka – Construction Management and Safety, Health, Environment), Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (Negotiation Skills), Association for Retired Intelligence Operatives of Malaysia (Cyber Security – Arpa/NSFUsenet, Cobit, Till, ISO/IEC ISMS 27000 for Law/Enforcement/Military), T.Yamaichi Corp. (M) Sdn. Bhd. (EMS ISO 14000) LSB Manufacturing Solutions Sdn. Bhd., (Lean Scoreboard (including a full development of System-Software-Application - MSC Malaysia & Six Sigma) PJZ Marine Services Sdn. Bhd., (Safety Management Systems and Internal Audit based on International Marine Organization Standards) UNITAR/UNTEC (Degree in Accountacy – Career Path/Roadmap) Cobrain Holdings Sdn. Bhd.(Managing Construction Safety & Health), Speaker for International Finance & Management Strategy (Closed Conference), Pembinaan Jaya Zira Sdn. Bhd. (ISO 9001:2008-Internal Audit for Construction Industry & Overview of version 2015), Straits Consulting Engineers Sdn. Bhd. (Full Integrated Management System – ISO 9000, OHSAS 18000 (ISO 45000) and EMS ISO 14000 for Civil/Structural/Geotechnical Consulting), Malaysia Management & Science University (MSU – (Managing Business in an Organization), Innoseven Sdn. Bhd. (KVMRT Line 1 MSPR8 – Awareness and Internal Audit (Construction), ISO 9001:2008 and 2015 overview for the Construction Industry), Kemakmuran Sdn. Bhd. (KVMRT Line 1 - Signages/Wayfinding - Project Quality Plan and Construction Method Statement ), Lembaga Tabung Haji - Flood ERP, WNA Consultants - DID/JPS -Flood Risk Assessment and Management Plan - Prelim, Conceptual Design, Interim and Final Report etc., Tunnel Fire Safety - Fire Risk Assessment Report - Design Fire Scenario), Safety, Health and Environmental Management Plans leading construction/property companies/corporations in Malaysia, Timur West Consultant : Business Methodology and System, Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) ISO/IEC 27001:2013 for Majlis Bandaraya Petaling Jaya ISMS/Audit/Risk/ITP Technical Team, MPDT Capital Berhad - ISO 9001: 2015 - Consultancy, Construction, Project Rehabilitation, Desalination (first one in Malaysia to receive certification on trades such as Reverse Osmosis Seawater Desalination and Project Recovery/Rehabilitation)

* Has appeared for 10 consecutive series in “Good Morning Malaysia RTM TV1’ Corporate Talk Segment discussing on ISO 9000/14000 in various industries. For ICT, his inputs garnered from his expertise have successfully led to development of work-process e-enabling systems in the environments of intranet, portal and interactive web design especially for the construction and manufacturing. Some of the end products have won various competitions of innovativeness, quality, continual-improvements and construction industry award at national level. He has also in advisory capacity – involved in development and moderation of websites, portals and e-profiles for mainly corporate and private sectors, public figures etc. He is also one of the recipients for MOSTE Innovation for RFID use in Electronic Toll Collection in Malaysia.

Note :


TO SEE ALL ARTICLES

ON THE"LABEL" SECTION BELOW (RIGHT SIDE COLUMN), YOU CAN CLICK ON ANY TAG - TO READ ALL ARTICLES ACCORDING TO ITS CATEGORY (E.G. LABEL : CONSTRUCTION) OR GO TO THE VERY END OF THIS BLOG AND CLICK "Older Posts"


 

Showing posts with label CERTIFICATION. Show all posts
Showing posts with label CERTIFICATION. Show all posts

Wednesday, February 03, 2016

PERJANJIAN PERKONGSIAN TRANS PASIFIK (TPPA) - OLEH NIK ZAFRI

Artikel ini akan dikemaskini hampir setiap hari



1) Penyelesaian Masalah, Laporan Perkembangan dan Peranan


Apabila TPPA dikuatkuasakan kelak, Malaysia perlu menilai dan memulakan pelaksanaannya dengan memastikan penyelesaian mengenai apa jua masalah yang timbul dalam konteks perniagaan, sektor kerajaan yang terbabit dan yang paling penting orang awam (rakyat)


Setiap sektor kerajaan samada di peringkat Kementerian, Jabatan dan Agensi yang akan memainkan peranan langsung harus dijelaskan tugas dan tanggungjawab masing-masing yang perlu dipenuhi, cara-cara dan proses membuat sesuatu keputusan dan peraturan operasi yang tertera dalam Perjanjian berkenaan. Semuanya ini memerlukan urustadbir yang baik terutamanya aspek ketelusan.


TPPA juga memerlukan laporan perancangan dan perkembangan mengenai pelaksanaan langkah-langkah yang telah dirunding dan dipersetujui sepanjang tempoh transisi. Tempoh ini juga harus menyokong objektif pembangunan TPPA dengan memastikan Malaysia benar-benar mampu membina upaya ke atas elemen-elemen penting sebelum dilaksanakan.


Dengan adanya laporan pelaksanaan TPPA, Malaysia harus memantau perkembangannya, menyelesaikan masalah dan memastikan kapasiti bina upayanya berhasil.

2) Impot, Ekspot, Persaingan, Peluang Kerja, Pengiktirafan dan Tariff


TPPA perlu mampu menjadi platform kepada tenaga kerja dan perniagaan di Malaysia supaya kita mampu mengekspot barangan tempatan ke negara-negara anggotanya. Imbangan perlu dilakukan supaya ianya tidak menjadi impot sehala kepada kita semata-mata.

Di sini pentingnya kualiti produk dan perkhidmatan kita mestilah benar-benar diterima dan diiktiraf antarabangsa serta tidak menjadi mangsa 'sekatan dagangan' atau 'pemboikotan' dengan alasan yang tidak munasabah.
(ini kerana terdapat khabar angin mengenai terdapat penduduk negara anggota seperti tidak mengendahkan FTA - maka TPPA perlu menampakkan imej yang jauh lebih baik dari FTA)
Ini kerana Malaysia telah lama mengamalkan Pengurusan Kualiti Menyeluruh (TQM) malah ISO 9001 (2000, 2008 dan terkini 2015) - (sekadar menyebut beberapa contoh) juga melibatkan Amerika Syarikat di dalam Jawatankuasa Teknikal ISO (ISOTC) nya dengan adanya amalan Pengurusan Risiko (termasuk pengurusan risiko bencana banjir - yang juga merupakan elemen penting dalam 'bina upaya')
Produk Halal tempatan juga mestilah diiktiraf kerana ianya juga didasarkan kepada amalan pengeluaran yang baik (GMP) dan HACCP yang juga sistem asalnya diterajui oleh Amerika Syarikat sebagaimana mereka mengiktiraf produk Kosher.
Tingkatkan lebih banyak peluang kerja bukan sahaja di sektor pengilangan tetapi juga usaha gigih perlu dilakukan untuk prospek mereka yang bekerja dari rumah supaya golongan pencen, tidak berupaya, surirumah dsb. benar-benar mendapat manfaat dari perkhidmatan di rumah termasuk akses internet yang lebih baik dari sekarang.
Pengecualian tariff atau cukai (contohnya seumpama ‘taraf perintis’) atau pada kadar yang munasabah di negara-negara asing juga perlu lebih telus bagi memastikan pengeluar, pembekal perkhidmatan, petani, penternak malah perniagaan berskala kecil tempatan dapat bersaing dengan sihat serta terdapat satu bentuk kuota disiapkan untuk mereka dan terdapat data yang jelas mengenai golongan sasaran di luar negara.
Tanpa adanya data yang jelas, maka akan timbul kesukaran mengenai "apa yang perlu dilakukan" (What to do), "Di mana perlu dilakukan" (Where to do), "Bila perlu dilakukan" (When to do), "Bagaimana hendak dilakukan" (How to do), "Kepada siapa" (to who)
Apa yang penting, perniagaan berskala kecil termasuk 'cottage industry' perlu diberikan ruang untuk berkembang kepada tahan Industri Kecil dan Sederhana dan tidak mustahil ianya menjadi industri yang besar dan berkembang pesat.

Bersambung...

Wednesday, September 17, 2014

CONSTRUCTION - ISO 9000 CERTIFIED - SO WHAT? IMPROVEMENT REQUIRED.... (NIK ZAFRI)


These are part of my training slides for ISO certified company (using a high-impact approach). Further enquiry on the training, please e-mail nikzafri@yahoo.com (genuine RFQ only!)

QUALITY CONTINUOUS JOURNEY – WHAT ELSE CAN BE IMPROVED?

Introduction/Refresher

1.0 QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Definition for Quality: 

• Fitness for Purpose (Internal and External Quality Control - 50%) and 
• Client's and Internal Satisfaction (Internal and External Quality Assurance – 50%) - Both QC and QA have respective specifications to be fulfilled – combined both = Quality Management System (QMS)



Common Challenge 1

The word “Quality” on Manual, Policy, Procedures etc. should not be narrowed only to the Quality Department or Management Representative.

Quality is always a shared commitment.

Then Quality Manual, Quality Policy, Quality Procedures are to be deemed and understood as your Company's Manual, your Company's Policy, your Company's Procedures.

Rationale : to avoid 'finger pointing'

Common Challenge 2

Quality, Health and Safety, Security, Environment - Domino Theory – One tile fall, so will the others – ALL IS REQUIRED

Once again, the same as Common Challenge 1 – not to be narrowed to a certain department e.g. Safety & Health and Security is a SHARED COMMITMENT thus making them your Company's Manual, your Company's Policy, your Company's Procedures.

Rationale : to avoid 'finger pointing'

BRANDING :

THIS IS THE WAY YOUR COMPANY WORKS!!!

COMMON ERROR

Your Company is Certified NOT Accredited (by ISO....)

CERTIFICATION BODY – A body that issued the certificate according to the nature of business – e.g. SIRIM QAS, DET NORSKE VERITAS, LLOYDS, SGS ETC. 

ACCREDITATION BODY - A Body that accredits the scope of business/industry in order to qualify the certs issued by the certification body (Accredited Certification Body) e.g. – DEPARTMENT OF STANDARDS MALAYSIA (DSM), UNITED KINGDOM ACCREDITATION SERVICE (UKAS), ANSI-ASQ – NATIONAL ACCREDITATION SERVICE (US) ETC. (MINISTRY OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION (MOSTI)

OTHER KNOWN EXAMPLES

Education

INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER LEARNING MALAYSIA (CERTIFICATE PROVIDER – PHD, DEGREE, DIPLOMA IN ???) MUST BE ACCREDITED BY MALAYSIAN QUALIFICATION AGENCY (MQA) – USED TO BE CALLED LAN. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

Competency and Skills

COMPETENCY BASED INSTITUTION (CERTIFICATE PROVIDER – SKM 1 – 5 IN ???) MUST BE ACCREDITED BY NATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING CENTRE (MLVK) – MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCES


2.0 DOCUMENTATION

2.1 Quality Manual

- Common Error : Do it make sufficient reference to the Laws, Regulations, Standards etc.? e.g. This Manual is developed by taking into account the following Laws, Regulations, Standards as far as is applicable:

a. Occupational Health and Safety Act 1994
b. Environmental Quality Act, 1974
c. The International Safety Management Code (ISM) – an International Management Code
for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention,
d. Petroleum Mining Act, 1966
e. ISO 9001:2008
f. OHSAS 18001: 2007
g. EMS ISO 14000 : 2004

WHY?

This is :

a. To assure the Client's that every measure has been taken to customize the documentation to support contractual requirements.
b. To ensure a stringent enforcement

NOT A GREAT CHALLENGE : TO INTEGRATE QUALITY, HEALTH & SAFETY, SECURITY, ENVIRONMENT (HSEQ) MOST OF YOU HAVE DONE IT!

CHALLENGE 1 : CERTAIN CERTIFICATION BODIES VIA ADEQUACY/ COMPLIANCE/SURVEILLANCE ASSESSMENTS - TENDS TO TREAT QUALITY AS A SEPARATE ISSUE - (ISO 9000), HEALTH AND SAFETY A SEPARATE ISSUE (OHSAS 18000), ENVIRONMENT A SEPARATE ISSUE (EMS ISO 14000)

CHALLENGE 2 : THE RESPONSIBILITY SPELLED OUT IN PROCEDURES COMPARED TO JOB DESCRIPTION, DUTIES, RESPONSIBILITIES AND AUTHORITIES. INTEGRATE BOTH IN THE JD! NO OVERLAPPING!

CHALLENGE 3 : METHOD STATEMENTS VS JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS – INTEGRATE OR NOT TO INTEGRATE?

3.0 MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITY

What is RESPONSIBILITY? What is COMMITMENT?

Simple Formula

A) RESPONSIBILITY + COMMITMENT = ACCOUNTABILITY

Responsible for WHAT?

- Budget, Plant and Machinery, Conducive Working Environment, Transportation, ICT etc.

Commited to WHAT?

- ensure implementation of The LAW, Quality, Safety, Security, Environment, Standards, Customer Requirements/Specifications, Vision, Objectives, KRA-KPI, Balance Scorecard etc. 

ACCOUNTABLE to providing resources to ensure smooth operation from start to end.

So - the equation : 

   ACCOUNTABILITY 
+ RESPONSIBILITY 
+ COMMITMENT 
--------------------
LEADERSHIP
-----------------

LEADERSHIP of WHAT?

PEOPLE

Common Error

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, KEY RESULT AREAS, BALANCE SCORECARDS, DEPARTMENT/UNIT OBJECTIVES ARE OF DIFFERENT PLANETS – NOT LINKED TO ONE ANOTHER - OBJECTIVES SHOULD BE CONSISTENT WITH KPI, KRA, BALANCE SCORECARD ETC. (CASCADING PRINCIPLE – PETER DRUCKER – MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES

4.0  TRAINING



5.0  PLANNING, OPERATION, PROCUREMENT, CONTROL (PRODUCT REALIZATION)

5.1 Planning

You have proper scheduling – CONGRATULATIONS - with all the Critical Path Method (CPM) – Pert Analysis, Gantt Chart etc. GOOD! 

Improvement: The RED BAR to indicate CPM on every activity



Additional explanatory notes are REQUIRED besides than depending on the data inputs from the software. This is WHERE Quality comes in with the experience of Data Analysis and Improvement to be made! Thus the CPM should also take into account quality setbacks based on experience running a project. Hence will improve the timing accuracy 

THIS CAN BE REFLECTED IN THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT/PROGRESS REPORTS

Common Error 1

AUDIT? – A SCHEDULED & PERIODICAL ASSESSMENT ON THE OVERALL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM – BE IT QUALITY, SAFETY, ENVIRONMENT

INSPECTION? – A ROUTINE UNSCHEDULED ASSESSMENT ON PRODUCT & WORKMANSHIP (PROJECT) - CONTRACTED

SIMILARITY : BOTH CAN ISSUE NON-CONFORMANCE REPORTS (NCR) /CORRECTIVE ACTION REQUEST (CAR)

CHALLENGE

DO CLIENT REQUIRE PROJECT QUALITY (OR HSEQ) PLAN? OR PROJECT EXECUTION PLAN (IF YOU ARE IN THE CONSULTING/DESIGN CAPACITY) OR YOU JUST DEPEND ON THE CONTRACT SPECS OR IF THE CLIENT DO NOT NEED IT – WHY DO IT? (PROACTIVE VS REACTIVE!)


6.0 MEASUREMENT ANALYSIS AND IMPROVEMENT

DO YOU MEASURE COST OF QUALITY

(IS IT STATED ANYWHERE IN THE NCR?, SITE DIARY, LOGS - INTANGIBLE COST)

PREVENTIVE ACTION :

DO YOU TAKE INTO ACCOUNT PAST DATUM OF WASTAGE CONTROL, POSSIBLE REPAIR ETC (CONTINGENCY) - TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT IN THE FUTURE COSTING/BQ? 

QUALITY CAN HELP IN MAKING YOUR CONTINGENCY COST BETTER. ANALYSIS OF DATA, CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT PROPOSAL FROM THE MANAGEMENT REVIEW MEETING - CAN BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT WHEN DOING FUTURE COSTING AND BILL OF QUANTITIES.

E.G. BUFFER STOCK – WHERE DID THE DATA CAME FROM?

CONCLUSION

QUALITY IS A CONTINUOUS JOURNEY.

DO NOT BE IN THE COMFORTABLE ZONE.

YOU’LL KNOW HOW IMPORTANT THIS IS WHEN YOUR COMPANY STARTS DIVERSIFYING FURTHER!

(well...THEY MIGHT!)

Thursday, March 04, 2004

Accreditation - done by an independent institution/governing body to certify another institution for its' services & products (usually by means of a certificate) - Accreditation can also cover premise, modules, lecturers etc. etc.

Certification - done by an Accredited Certification Institution/body to organizations requiring such certification to boost confidence in their products and services. Accreditation is given based on specific trades/industrial expertise displayed by the certification body.

Consulting - a certified third party/person who guide organization to be certified based on law, standards and specifications
---------------------------
Hakcipta Terpelihara 1998 dan 2000 Nik Zafri bin Abdul Majid. Segala bentuk penyalinan kembali harta intelek tanpa kebenaran adalah salah di sisi undang-undang (Nota : kemaskini - 2005/12 & 2006/11 - Rujukan : Sumber dari IAF, SC, TAG, ISO IEC dll)

AKREDITASI, PERSIJILAN DAN PERUNDINGAN - ISO

Oleh : Nik Zafri bin Abdul Majid



(Artikel ini sepatutnya disiarkan oleh sebuah akhbar tempatan tetapi telah dibatalkan tanpa alasan yang munasabah)

Kita sering terbaca mengenai firma-firma dari segenap pelusuk dunia mendapat persijilan ISO 9000 atau ISO 14000 atau lain-lain yang berkaitan dengan bidang/industri pembekalan perkhidmatan/produk masing-masing. Namun apa yang saya perhatikan, masih terdapat kekeliruan dalam penggunaan perkataan 'akreditasi' dan 'persijilan' Ada yang juga yang masih kabur dengan etika, fungsi dan had kuasa asas sebuah firma perunding, badan persijilan dan lembaga/badan akreditasi (ISO) Izinkan saya untuk mengupas sedikit secara ringkas persoalan yang kompleks ini sekaligus menghilangkan segala kekeliruan yang timbul.

Setiap piawaian spesifik ISO dan segala perinciannya berada di bawah penyeliaan langsung Jawatankuasa Teknikal Organisasi Standard Antarabangsa (ISOTC) Contohnya ISOTC 176 untuk ISO 9000 dan 207 untuk ISO 14000. Perincian elemen/komponen pula dilakukan oleh jawatankuasa-jawatankuasa kecil (SC). Kadangkala untuk membantu menguatkan lagi tonggak SC, Kumpulan Penasihat Teknikal - TAG (Technical Advisory Group) ditubuhkan.

Biasanya, piawaian yang dijadikan aras ukuran/model antarabangsa oleh ISOTC adalah berpunca daripada :- a) Piawaian tempatan negara-negara terpilih, umpamanya, Piawaian British BS 7750 telah dijadikan asas utama kepada EMS ISO 14000.

b) Penyelidikan dan Pembangunan serta penemuan baru sesuatu produk atau proses seperti penentukuran, ujian dan sebagainya daripada negara-negara terpilih yang kemudiannya dijadikan asas dan pemangkin kepada kewujudan piawaian-piawaian baru atau penyemakan semula piawaian-piawaian terdahulu.

c) Undang-Undang tertentu, umpamanya, yang berkisarkan Alam Sekeliling atau Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan ataupun Kejuruteraan.

d) Resolusi Persidangan-Persidangan Dunia umpamanya Geneva, Piagam Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu, dll.

Lembaga/Badan Akreditasi (juga dikenali sebagai correspondent member) biasanya ditubuhkan berlandaskan peruntukan undang-undang tertentu yang juga berkaitan dengan ISOTC. Mereka berkuasa penuh untuk menauliahkan/mengakreditasikan Badan Persijilan berlandaskan Panduan ISO/IEC (Contohnya 67 untuk ISO 14000) mengikut skop-skop kerja yang diluluskan sahaja. Contohnya sesebuah badan persijilan dapat mengeluarkan sijil ISO dalam skop kerja kejuruteraan aerospace untuk sesebuah organisasi/industri tidak semestinya boleh meluluskan persijilan untuk skop kerja farmaseutikal. Jadi organisasi farmaseutikal perlu mencari badan persijilan lain yang mampu meluluskan persijilan berkenaan.

Ringkasnya, Badan Persijilan pula berperanan antara lain :

a) Menilai/mengesahkan sistem ISO sesebuah organisasi bagi tujuan persijilan,

b) Mensijilkan organisasi yang layak,

c) Membuat penilaian susulan untuk memastikan kesinambungan penyelenggaraan dan peningkatan berterusan sesebuah organisasi setelah disijilkan,

d) Kebiasaannya, menjalankan latihan-latihan teknikal dan pengurusan yang menghalatuju kearah pemeriksaan yang bersabit dengan ISO (contohnya Penilaian Bertauliah dan Berdaftar)

Setakat artikel ini ditulis, tidak pula jelas dalam panduan-panduan ISO/IEC bahawa badan persijilan boleh mengendalikan perkhidmatan (d) ini kecuali dalam kes-kes seperti usahasama penajaan dan pengelolaan dengan perunding, pertubuhan-pertubuhan atau agensi yang berkaitan. Namun dari kajian saya mengenai draf/blueprint ISO 9001:2000 (versi terbaru ISO 9000 dijangka akan diterbitkan bulan November 2000) menunjukkan kekeliruan ini sedang diperjelaskan oleh ISOTC dan Forum Akreditasi Antarabangsa (IAF) menerusi Panduan ISO/IEC yang baru..

Selain itu, Badan Persijilan juga berperanan aktif dalam jawatankuasa teknikal tempatan untuk menjalankan ujian rapi secara saintifik serta R & D keatas draf/blueprint piawaian yang bakal diperkenalkan. Ini penting untuk menyesuai dan mengorientasikan elemen-elemen piawaian berkenaan dengan suasana setempat.

Pakar Perunding pula secara asasnya hanya memberikan khidmat nasihat, latihan, perundingan dan pembangunan sistem ISO kepada organisasi yang menuju kearah persijilan. Secara etikanya, mereka perlu bebas daripada sebarang ikatan langsung dengan badan persijilan dan akreditasi. Namun begitu mereka perlu berdaftar dengan mana-mana badan/agensi (afiliasi) mengikut peruntukan undang-undang jika ada.

Di peringkat antarabangsa, jarang saya mendengar samada :

a) Lembaga Akreditasi (ISO) dan Badan Persijilan menjadi selaku Pakar Perunding, atau

b) Firma Perunding diberikan akreditasi untuk mengeluarkan sijil ISO tanpa melalui Badan Persijilan.

Penilai-penilai ISO dari firma perunding biasanya memiliki pengalaman dan pendedahan yang luas kepada berbagai jenis industri. Mereka juga merupakan penilai bertauliah/berdaftar serta ahli pertubuhan-pertubuhan professional (afiliasi) dalam bidang kualiti, keselamatan & kesihatan pekerjaan, alam sekitar, pengurusan dll.

Sememangnya, dalam membicarakan subjek yang sungguh luas ini, masih banyak perincian yang boleh dilakukan. Umpamanya saya meramalkan bahawa bidang akreditasi yang meliputi pendidikan/akademik, kemahiran/ketrampilan (LAN-MOE/MLVK-MHR), perkhidmatan, produk dll akan berpayung di bawah satu Lembaga Akreditasi (bebas) sahaja untuk memudahkan kerja-kerja penauliahan - tanpa sebarang kecenderungan Ini telah pun berlaku di kebanyakan negara-negara Eropah terutamanya UK.

Antara kebaikan-kebaikan hasil penjelasan saya ini ialah :-

a) menghilangkan kekeliruan dalam peristilahan dan mengurangkan tindihan kuasa pihak-pihak yang terbabit.

b) menjadi pemangkin kepada anjakan paradigma professional dalam konteks ISO yang semakin diabaikan.

c) mewujudkan 'quality spirit' yang asli sekaligus menghapuskan unsur bias.

d) mengecap hasil penerimaan sebenar produk/perkhidmatan di pasaran antarabangsa oleh industri-industri dan bukan hanya 'lip service' semata-mata dengan sekeping sijil yang belum tentu dapat dibawa kemana-mana.

e) organisasi perlu lebih professional dan mampu memahami sedalam-dalamnya apa-apa yang telah dijelaskan diatas demi ketepatan terutamanya dalam membuat pilihan yang betul dan tepat serta menguntungkan dari segi jangkapanjang operasi mereka.

Nota Penulis (selaku perunding berpengalaman (domestik/antarabangsa) > 15 tahun) : Dalam keghairahan semua pihak yang mempunyai kepentingan dalam 'jaringan akreditasi/persijilan/perundingan' yang luas ini - harus perlu memahami dan menumpukan perhatian kepada segmen pasaran masing-masing kerana ketiga-tiga tret ini adalah complementary dan adalah tidak wajar dijadikan asas untuk 'bertanding secara tidak sihat' atau mencari kepentingan 'perniagaan berlebih-lebihan' (tetapi tiada hasil akhirnya kerana kurang pengalaman) kerana tidak ada mana-mana pihak pun yang akan menang dan akan kalah lebih-lebih lagi dalam dunia dan era 'Knowledge Management' dan globalisasi ini.