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BIODATA - NIK ZAFRI


 



NIK ZAFRI BIN ABDUL MAJID,
CONSULTANT/TRAINER
Email: nikzafri@yahoo.com, nikzafri@gmail.com
https://nikzafri.wixsite.com/nikzafri

Kelantanese, Alumni of Sultan Ismail College Kelantan (SICA), IT Competency Cert, Certified Written English Professional US. Has participated in many seminars/conferences (local/ international) in the capacity of trainer/lecturer and participant.

Affiliations :- Network Member of Gerson Lehrman Group, Institute of Quality Malaysia, Auditor ISO 9000 IRCAUK, Auditor OHSMS (SIRIM and STS) /EMS ISO 14000 and Construction Quality Assessment System CONQUAS, CIDB (Now BCA) Singapore),

* Possesses almost 30 years of experience/hands-on in the multi-modern management & technical disciplines (systems & methodologies) such as Knowledge Management (Hi-Impact Management/ICT Solutions), Quality (TQM/ISO), Safety Health Environment, Civil & Building (Construction), Manufacturing, Motivation & Team Building, HR, Marketing/Branding, Business Process Reengineering, Economy/Stock Market, Contracts/Project Management, Finance & Banking, etc. He was employed to international bluechips involving in national/international megaprojects such as Balfour Beatty Construction/Knight Piesold & Partners UK, MMI Insurance Group Australia, Hazama Corporation (Hazamagumi) Japan (with Mitsubishi Corporation, JA Jones US, MMCE and Ho-Hup) and Sunway Construction Berhad (The Sunway Group of Companies). Among major projects undertaken : Pergau Hydro Electric Project, KLCC Petronas Twin Towers, LRT Tunnelling, KLIA, Petronas Refineries Melaka, Putrajaya Government Complex, Sistem Lingkaran Lebuhraya Kajang (SILK), Mex Highway, KLIA1, KLIA2 etc. Once serviced SMPD Management Consultants as Associate Consultant cum Lecturer for Diploma in Management, Institute of Supervisory Management UK/SMPD JV. Currently – Associate/Visiting Consultants/Facilitators, Advisors for leading consulting firms (local and international) including project management. To name a few – Noma SWO Consult, Amiosh Resources, Timur West Consultant Sdn. Bhd., TIJ Consultants Group (Malaysia and Singapore) and many others.

* Ex-Resident Weekly Columnist of Utusan Malaysia (1995-1998) and have produced more than 100 articles related to ISO-9000– Management System and Documentation Models, TQM Strategic Management, Occupational Safety and Health (now OHSAS 18000) and Environmental Management Systems ISO 14000. His write-ups/experience has assisted many students/researchers alike in module developments based on competency or academics and completion of many theses. Once commended by the then Chief Secretary to the Government of Malaysia for his diligence in promoting and training the civil services (government sector) based on “Total Quality Management and Quality Management System ISO-9000 in Malaysian Civil Service – Paradigm Shift Scalar for Assessment System”

Among Nik Zafri’s clients : Adabi Consumer Industries Sdn. Bhd, (MRP II, Accounts/Credit Control) The HQ of Royal Customs and Excise Malaysia (ISO 9000), Veterinary Services Dept. Negeri Sembilan (ISO 9000), The Institution of Engineers Malaysia (Aspects of Project Management – KLCC construction), Corporate HQ of RHB (Peter Drucker's MBO/KRA), NEC Semiconductor - Klang Selangor (Productivity Management), Prime Minister’s Department Malaysia (ISO 9000), State Secretarial Office Negeri Sembilan (ISO 9000), Hidrological Department KL (ISO 9000), Asahi Kluang Johor(System Audit, Management/Supervisory Development), Tunku Mahmood (2) Primary School Kluang Johor (ISO 9000), Consortium PANZANA (HSSE 3rd Party Audit), Lecturer for Information Technology Training Centre (ITTC) – Authorised Training Center (ATC) – University of Technology Malaysia (UTM) Kluang Branch Johor, Kluang General Hospital Johor (Management/Supervision Development, Office Technology/Administration, ISO 9000 & Construction Management), Kahang Timur Secondary School Johor (ISO 9000), Sultan Abdul Jalil Secondary School Kluang Johor (Islamic Motivation and Team Building), Guocera Tiles Industries Kluang Johor (EMS ISO 14000), MNE Construction (M) Sdn. Bhd. Kota Tinggi Johor (ISO 9000 – Construction), UITM Shah Alam Selangor (Knowledge Management/Knowledge Based Economy /TQM), Telesystem Electronics/Digico Cable(ODM/OEM for Astro – ISO 9000), Sungai Long Industries Sdn. Bhd. (Bina Puri Group) - ISO 9000 Construction), Secura Security Printing Sdn. Bhd,(ISO 9000 – Security Printing) ROTOL AMS Bumi Sdn. Bhd & ROTOL Architectural Services Sdn. Bhd. (ROTOL Group) – ISO 9000 –Architecture, Bond M & E (KL) Sdn. Bhd. (ISO 9000 – Construction/M & E), Skyline Telco (M) Sdn. Bhd. (Knowledge Management),Technochase Sdn. Bhd JB (ISO 9000 – Construction), Institut Kefahaman Islam Malaysia (IKIM – ISO 9000 & Internal Audit Refresher), Shinryo/Steamline Consortium (Petronas/OGP Power Co-Generation Plant Melaka – Construction Management and Safety, Health, Environment), Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (Negotiation Skills), Association for Retired Intelligence Operatives of Malaysia (Cyber Security – Arpa/NSFUsenet, Cobit, Till, ISO/IEC ISMS 27000 for Law/Enforcement/Military), T.Yamaichi Corp. (M) Sdn. Bhd. (EMS ISO 14000) LSB Manufacturing Solutions Sdn. Bhd., (Lean Scoreboard (including a full development of System-Software-Application - MSC Malaysia & Six Sigma) PJZ Marine Services Sdn. Bhd., (Safety Management Systems and Internal Audit based on International Marine Organization Standards) UNITAR/UNTEC (Degree in Accountacy – Career Path/Roadmap) Cobrain Holdings Sdn. Bhd.(Managing Construction Safety & Health), Speaker for International Finance & Management Strategy (Closed Conference), Pembinaan Jaya Zira Sdn. Bhd. (ISO 9001:2008-Internal Audit for Construction Industry & Overview of version 2015), Straits Consulting Engineers Sdn. Bhd. (Full Integrated Management System – ISO 9000, OHSAS 18000 (ISO 45000) and EMS ISO 14000 for Civil/Structural/Geotechnical Consulting), Malaysia Management & Science University (MSU – (Managing Business in an Organization), Innoseven Sdn. Bhd. (KVMRT Line 1 MSPR8 – Awareness and Internal Audit (Construction), ISO 9001:2008 and 2015 overview for the Construction Industry), Kemakmuran Sdn. Bhd. (KVMRT Line 1 - Signages/Wayfinding - Project Quality Plan and Construction Method Statement ), Lembaga Tabung Haji - Flood ERP, WNA Consultants - DID/JPS -Flood Risk Assessment and Management Plan - Prelim, Conceptual Design, Interim and Final Report etc., Tunnel Fire Safety - Fire Risk Assessment Report - Design Fire Scenario), Safety, Health and Environmental Management Plans leading construction/property companies/corporations in Malaysia, Timur West Consultant : Business Methodology and System, Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) ISO/IEC 27001:2013 for Majlis Bandaraya Petaling Jaya ISMS/Audit/Risk/ITP Technical Team, MPDT Capital Berhad - ISO 9001: 2015 - Consultancy, Construction, Project Rehabilitation, Desalination (first one in Malaysia to receive certification on trades such as Reverse Osmosis Seawater Desalination and Project Recovery/Rehabilitation)

* Has appeared for 10 consecutive series in “Good Morning Malaysia RTM TV1’ Corporate Talk Segment discussing on ISO 9000/14000 in various industries. For ICT, his inputs garnered from his expertise have successfully led to development of work-process e-enabling systems in the environments of intranet, portal and interactive web design especially for the construction and manufacturing. Some of the end products have won various competitions of innovativeness, quality, continual-improvements and construction industry award at national level. He has also in advisory capacity – involved in development and moderation of websites, portals and e-profiles for mainly corporate and private sectors, public figures etc. He is also one of the recipients for MOSTE Innovation for RFID use in Electronic Toll Collection in Malaysia.

Note :


TO SEE ALL ARTICLES

ON THE"LABEL" SECTION BELOW (RIGHT SIDE COLUMN), YOU CAN CLICK ON ANY TAG - TO READ ALL ARTICLES ACCORDING TO ITS CATEGORY (E.G. LABEL : CONSTRUCTION) OR GO TO THE VERY END OF THIS BLOG AND CLICK "Older Posts"


 

Showing posts with label ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS. Show all posts

Sunday, September 17, 2017

APAKAH PENGAJARAN DI SEBALIK KEJADIAN TRAGEDI KEBAKARAN TAHFIZ (pandangan bebas) - Nik Zafri

AL-FATIHAH - kepada anak-anak tahfiz yang terkorban, mudah-mudahan dikurniakan pahala syahid marakah dan memasuki syurga tanpa hisab..Amin... 

Sekalung takziah juga kepada ibubapa dan saudara-mara serta para sahabat mangsa. Semoga redha dengan takdir Allah SWT dan semoga beroleh kebaikan dan dapat kita sama-sama menghayati hikmahnya.

Selamat Hari Malaysia juga diucapkan kepada seluruh rakyat Malaysia tidak kira bangsa dan agama atau di mana juga berada.

Kesimpulannya tragedi ini perlu melihat kepada 5 isu utama :

a) FAKTOR AGAMA/KEROHANIAN - memberikan anak-anak perkhidmatan pendidikan tahfiz akan mendapat ganjaran dunia dan akhirat berlipatkaliganda. Kesedaran ibubapa mengenai pentingnya menghayati agama menerusi Al-Qur'an sudah mula bercambah dan perkara ini perlukan sokongan yang padu - kerana ini juga salah satu cara pencegahan anak-anak kecil dari terdedah kepada unsur-unsur yang tidak baik seperti isu moral terutamanya premis yang diuruskan di tengah-tengah bandaraya.

b) FAKTOR PERUNDANGAN, KUALITI, KESELAMATAN/KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN DAN PENGURUSAN ALAM SEKITAR - hak anak-anak dan pengurusan untuk mendapat perlindungan dan keselamatan (termasuk isu sabotaj/khianat kerana isu sabotaj/khianat JUGA adalah isu "security" yang termasuk dalam HSSE (Health, Safety, SECURITY and Environment) dan Kualiti) mengikut lunas perundangan dan sememangnya dituntut oleh Islam (sebahagian daripada usaha ikhtiar) 

Utamanya perhatian perlu diberikan ialah : apabila berlaku tragedi seumpama ini, LANGKAH PENCEGAHAN, PENGENALPASTIAN RISIKO SECARA PROAKTIF/MITIGASI bagi memastikan tragedi ini tidak berulang lagi atau dapat diminimakan.

Antara perkara yang perlu diberikan perhatian ialah : Latihan/Induksi/Fire Drill (keutamaan), Perundangan, Penguatkuasaan, Akses dan Pelan Lantai, Penilaian Bangunan, penentuan "Assembly Point", Pelan Kecemasan Kebakaran/Bencana Alam termasuk "sabotaj", pemadaman api, pemeriksaan berkala, pencegahan menerusi alat pengesan kebakaran/asap/kebocoran gas, pendawaian elektrik, penggunaan mesin/janakuasa dll, CCTV, KAWALAN KESELAMATAN seperti di IPT dsb.(lihat faktor (e) - semuanya ini perlu mengambilkira dalam fasa rekabentuk, tender, pembinaan, pasca-pembinaan dan penyerahan tapak. Susulan pemantauan perlu juga dilakukan semasa premis itu beroperasi.

Saya juga mengharapkan agar jangan segera menutup premis-premis yang berorientasikan kebajikan sekiranya terdapat perlanggaran undang-undang dan piawaian, sebaliknya berilah nasihat dan pengusaha premis-premis seumpama ini perlu bersikap terbuka terhadap perkara ini.

Selain itu, kaunseling professional perlu diberikan terhadap mangsa-mangsa kebakaran yang mungkin mengalami trauma terhadap kejadian ini.

c) FAKTOR KEMANUSIAAN  - orang ramai terutamanya umat Islam yang dipelopori oleh KDYMM Seri Paduka Baginda Yang Di Pertuan Agong sebagai Ketua Agama Rasmi Negara dengan sokongan Duli-Duli Yang Maha Mulia Raja-Raja, Mufti, Ulama dan mereka yang ingin menjalankan tanggungjawab sosial korporat (CSR) perlu membantu dana tahfiz dan mereka yang memerlukan (asnaf - anak yatim - fakir miskin - mereka yang tiada tempat tinggal - rumah orang-orang tua dll seumpamanya) 

Di sini kerajaan perlu mempertimbangkan lebih pelepasan cukai dari kadar yang ada sekarang untuk menggalakkan sumbangan diberikan dan sampai ke sasaran. Saya pasti Lembaga Zakat di seluruh Malaysia dapat membantu untuk memastikan dana pengusaha ini mencukupi.

d) FAKTOR POLITIK - secara negatifnya, isu ini jangan dipolitikkan, jangan diapi-apikan (kerajaan perlu mengambil tindakan tegas atas mereka yang menghasut tetapi bertopengkan agama) dan jangan pula ada kisah-kisah bantuan yang tidak sampai ke sasaran. Secara positifnya, semua ahli politik (tidak kira mana-mana parti) perlu membawa isu ini ke peringkat Parlimen untuk diperdebatkan. 

Saya pasti isu ini akan dipersetujui secara majoriti tidak mengira parti dan perhatian akan segera diberikan dengan mengambilkira faktor (a) - (c) dan (e) di atas dan point berikutnya.

Saya juga mengharapkan pihak berkuasa seperti SPRM memainkan peranan yang lebih baik dalam memantau kemungkinan berlakunya rasuah dalam kelulusan bangunan termasuk dalam fasa pembinaan. (lihat faktor (e)

e) FAKTOR PERNIAGAAN - Kita tidak boleh nafikan wujudnya sesetengah premis yang membantu anak-anak yatim, fakir miskin, asnaf dan tahfiz sesetengahnya mengenakan caj yang sangat tinggi. Walaupun ada sebab-sebab tertentu seperti penggajian kakitangan dan tenaga pengajar termasuk kos tanggungan elektrik, air, internet, penyediaan kemudahan/infrastruktur/sumber/makan-minum dll., maka di sinilah faktor (c) perlu memainkan peranan yang amat besar. 

Pihak berkuasa juga saya minta; walaupun syarat perlu diperketatkan; agar tidak mengenakan caj yang tinggi termasuk memberikan pelepasan cukai (bukan sahaja pada penderma),  pengusaha-pengusaha, kontraktor, perunding dll seumpama ini kerana mereka melakukan pekerjaan yang amat mulia sekali.

Semua pihak juga saya nasihatkan agar tidak mengambil peluang untuk "berniaga" sebaliknya membantu secara ikhlas - niat kita ialah "membantu menyelamatkan nyawa" secara proaktif - saya pasti usaha murni kita akan mendapat perhatian ramai dan sudah tentu ada insentifnya nanti.

Yang pastinya, seruan dari rakyat Malaysia termasuk saya ialah memberikan hukuman yang paling berat setelah terbukti mensabotaj/mengkhianati sehingga menyebabkan kebakaran dan kematian. 


Pihak berkuasa yang berkenaan juga perlu memastikan penguatkuasaan yang tinggi terhadap pengedaran/penyeludupan/penyalahgunaan dadah kerana ianya telah melanda anak-anak muda kita pada hari ini.

----------------------



Elak sikap ‘bina dulu, mohon kemudian’
Oleh : Mohd. Yusof Ahmad - 17 September 2017 3:00 AM



KUALA LUMPUR 16 Sept. – Niat untuk menubuhkan pusat pendidikan tahfiz perlu diiringi dengan usaha untuk memenuhi semua syarat ditetapkan pihak berkuasa terutamanya berkaitan keselamatan tempat yang hendak didirikan sekolah tersebut.

Mufti Negeri Sembilan, Datuk Mohd. Yusof Ahmad berkata, kesedaran dalam kalangan orang ramai yang mahu mendirikan pusat pengajian seperti itu harus dipuji tetapi ia belum mencukupi sebelum beberapa faktor tertentu diambil kira berkaitan cara ia beroperasi.

Justeru itu katanya, sikap ‘bi­na dulu dan mohon kebenaran kemudian’ patut dielakkan oleh mereka yang berhasrat menubuhkan pusat pendidikan persendirian.

"Seperti yang kita tahu, pusat pendidikan agama seperti tahfiz tumbuh macam cendawan sama ada oleh secara berkumpulan atau secara individu. Kadang-kadang kurang daripada 10 pelajar pun sudah mahu tubuh pusat tahfiz.

"Kesedaran ini kita puji tetapi pengendali masih perlu patuh kepada syarat-syarat pihak berkuasa terutamanya berkaitan ke­selamatan pelajar dan kita tidak boleh hanya berharap semua itu akan dapat diatasi selepas kita tubuhkan dulu sekolah ini," kata­nya dalam sidang akhbar selepas Majlis Konvokesyen Tahfiz Darul Ulum, Negeri Sembilan yang di­ras­mikan Undang Luak Johol, Datuk Muhammed Abdullah hari ini.

Yang turut hadir Setiausaha Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Sembilan, Kamal Amran Kamaruddin; Pengarah Jabatan Hal Ehwal Agama Islam Negeri Sembilan, Datuk Selamat Paigo dan Pengerusi Akademi Darul Ulum, Mustaffa Daharun.

Semalam, seramai 21 pelajar dan dua orang warden Pusat Tahfiz Darul Quran Ittifaqiyah di Jalan Keramat Hujung, Datuk Keramat di ibu negara, maut selepas terperangkap dalam tragedi kebakaran asrama.

Dalam pada itu Mufti Selangor, Datuk Mohd. Tamyes Abd. Wahid mengingatkan ibu bapa supaya emilih pusat tahfiz yang menawarkan kemudahan pem­belajaran yang selamat untuk anak-anak dalam mempelajari ilmu akhirat kerana menjaga ke­selamatan diri itu juga dituntut dalam Islam.

Menurutnya, dalam menuntut ilmu, prasarana dan keselamatan anak-anak di tempat belajar perlu diambil kira.

Malah katanya, ibu bapa juga diingatkan supaya tidak hanya memikirkan syafaat menghantar anak mempelajari ilmu al-Quran semata-mata, sebaliknya banyak perkara lain yang dituntut dalam Islam termasuk aspek ke­selamatan.

"Suka diingatkan apabila memilih anak-anak belajar di pusat tahfiz dengan tujuan mendapat ilmu, perkara utama yang perlu difikirkan adalah kemudahan-kemudahan yang disediakan.

"Pilihlah tempat yang lebih efisien serta menjamin ketenteraman (keselamatan) anak-anak untuk mengejar ilmu akhirat," katanya kepada Mingguan Malaysia ketika dihubungi hari ini.

Sementara itu, Mufti Kelantan, Datuk Mohamad Shukri Moha­mad berkata, pusat-pusat tahfiz di negara ini perlu memperbaiki kemudahan yang ditawarkan serta mematuhi peraturan yang ditetapkan oleh pihak berkuasa tempatan serta Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat.

Katanya, perkara tersebut yang juga meliputi aspek keselamatan adalah dituntut dalam Islam.

Wednesday, September 13, 2017

RISK-BASED THINKING - ISO 9001:2015 - NIK ZAFRI





Risk Based Thinking ISO 9001:2015
(The answers provided are not to be deemed as solutions but basic guidelines, please contact me for further details of consultancy and training)
Q : Do I issue NCR for Risk Identification/Assessment? (i.e. HIRARC)
A : Risk Identification/Asessment and even HIRARC itself is an assessment NOT an audit/inspection. Please do not confuse the two. When we talk about risk, the word "proactive" must always come into the picture. Risk Based Thinking in the new ISO 9001:2015 is previously known as "Preventive Action" but spoken in a wider sense.
If you are using HIRARC, then there are "marks" to denote severity and likelihood of the risk being identified. You can note suggestion or instruction for improvement based on your findings and discuss in your Management Review.
Q : I am a newbie in Risk Management, where to start on Risk Based Thinking during upgrading from the old version?
A: ISO 9001:2015 do not make it "a must" to have a full risk management. Unless it's already part of your core business process (especially planning), e.g. using HIRARC, then that's different. Look at your core business process and identify/ brainstorm the possible risk associated with every process where applicable. Using the Risk Register would be a good idea.

The reason why "Risk Based Thinking" is introduced into ISO 9001:2015 is because to reduce non-conformance and customer complaints, to justify clearly (substantiated with evidence) the Department/Unit Objectives, KPI/KRA, Balance Scorecard etc. (not simply pick up a figure from 'the sky')

Wednesday, April 19, 2017

SOAL JAWAB - KESELAMATAN, KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN, ALAM SEKITAR - Nik Zafri

SOALAN 1 : Selain kepatuhan terhadap undang-undang, kenapa perlukan sistem pengurusan keselamatan kerja dan alam sekitar?

Jawapan : Pentingnya sistem ialah untuk memastikan dan meningkatkan lagi tahap keselamatan, kesihatan, persekitaran dan kebajikan pekerja terjaga.


SOALAN 2. Adakah dokumentasi itu penting?


Jawapan :


Jika ianya dapat menyelamatkan nyawa, maka dokumentasi itu penting, tetapi ianya mesti disusuli dengan pelaksanaan. Maka saya berpendapat, dokumentasi dan pelaksanaan adalah sama pentingnya.


Jika kita masih beranggapan bahawa dokumentasi itu terlalu membebankan, maka matlamat untuk mencapai satu sistem yang bertulis sebagai bukti pelaksanaan tidak akan tercapai.


SOALAN 3. Bagaimana nak memastikan semua orang faham mengenai pentingnya menjaga keselamatan, kesihatan dan penjagaan alam sekitar?


Jawapan : 


  • Komitmen ikhlas dan sepenuh-hati dari pihak pengurusan tertinggi.
  • Delegasi tugas yang betul kepada orang yang betul.
  • Komunikasi perlu berkesan dan mesej "suci" ini sampai sehingga kepada peringkat kakitangan sokongan mahupun buruh/pekerja.
  • Latihan dan pembangunan secara berterusan.


SOALAN 4. Kenapa keselamatan, kesihatan dan pengurusan alam sekitar terabai?


Jawapan : Mengikut pengalaman saya - ada 3 unsur sahaja, pertama - sistem, kedua - pelaksanaan, ketiga - sikap :


  • sifat menghafal dan bukannya memahami. Jika tidak faham,bagaimana nak menghayati serta jadikannya sebagai budaya syarikat?
  • Sifat suka menuding jari apabila berlaku insiden dan kemalangan. (Tiada akauntabiliti – rasa dipertanggungjawabkan). Walhal jika mengikut prosedur yang betul (jika ada prosedur), perkara ini boleh diselesaikan mengikut lunas undang-undang. Tidak ada satu pun tempat kerja yang 100% selamat.
  • Melakukan kerana terpaksa dan dipaksa. Melaksanakan sistem pengurusan keselamatan, kesihatan pekerjaan dan alam sekitar tidak boleh dilakukan kerana terpaksa, ianya akan menimbulkan lebih banyak masalah lagi.
  • 'attitude' perlu betul dalam kita hendak melaksanakan sistem ini. (adopting the right attitude)

Jika awal-awal lagi, kita sudah tanamkan pemikiran negatif umpamanya "sistem ini menyusahkan" dan seumpamanya, maka kita perlukan bantuan professional.


  • Mengukur keselamatan, kesihatan dan pengurusan alam sekitar menerusi satu perspektif yang sempit – contohnya dengan hanya adanya peralatan perlindungan diri (PPE), maka keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan serta alam sekitar telah pun terjaga.

Malah persepsi pemakaian PPE juga perlu difahami dalam 2 kategori:

a) adanya topi keselamatan dipakai untuk mengelak dari objek yang jatuh dari atas.

b) adanya topi keselamatan juga dapat menyelamatkan nyawa


Faktor-faktor lain ialah :



  • Takut untuk berbelanja lebih bagi meningkatkan tahap keselamatan kerja.
  • Tindakan menangani insiden dan kemalangan tidak bertepatan dengan undang-undang. Ini termasuklah "cuba menutup" kes-kes kematian, kecederaan parah dari pihak berkuasa dsb.
  • Meletakkan kesalahan hanya kepada Pegawai Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan

SOALAN 5 : Kenapa perlunya Jawatankuasa Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan?

Jawapan :


Keselamatan, Kesihatan Pekerjaan dan Pengurusan Alam Sekitar bukan kerja perseorangan tetapi ianya adalah kerjasama dalam satu pasukan.


Perlu ada sesi bertukar-tukar pendapat, mengikut kepakaran dan pengalaman dalam bidang/jabatan masing-masing demi keselamatan, kesihatan dan pengurusan alam sekitar sesebuah organisasi.


Jangan hanya serahkan semua tanggungjawab kepada Pegawai atau Pengurus HSE sahaja. Inipun salah juga...


SOALAN 6. Adakah Penilaian Suasana Berbahaya, Impak/Aspek dan Risiko itu perlu?


Jawapan :

Penilaian ini perlu dimulakan daripada peringkat perancangan pra-operasi lagi. Sebarang suasana berbahaya, impak/aspek dan risiko perlu dikenalpasti secara proaktif berdasarkan pengalaman terdahulu. Kemudian ianya perlu dikawal semasa penilaian berlaku dan disemak kembali akan keberkesanannya.

Penilaian Risiko tidak sama dengan Pemeriksaan (Inspection) dan Audit.
Pemeriksaan adalah sesuatu yang biasa dilakukan (rutin), audit dan penilaian risiko adalah secara berkala dan berjadual.

Bezanya, penilaian risiko tidak diberikan laporan ketidakpatuhan (NCR) seperti audit dan pemeriksaan.

Penilaian risiko akan mengenengahkan masalah kecil yang berpotensi membawa kepada masalah yang besar jika tidak ditangani secara proaktif. Jika ada masalah besar, maka itu menunjukkan terdapat risiko yang tinggi dalam sesuatu operasi

Setiap masalah diberikan pemarkahannya yang tersendiri. Kesilapan penilai risiko ialah mengeluarkan laporan ketidakpatuhan. Ini boleh menimbulkan kekeliruan.

Tujuan utama Penilaian Risiko ialah untuk menjadi pemangkin dengan mengurangkan trend ketidakpatuhan dalam pemeriksaan dan audit.

Maka jika didapati jumlah NCR masih tinggi (makin bertambah) dalam pemeriksaan dan audit, maka kemungkinan besar pengenalpastian risiko secara proaktif adalah TIDAK TEPAT. Segera lakukan penyemakan kembali.

Monday, April 18, 2011




On the government procedure : You can click here as a sample:

Please take into account EIA from DOE

I like to thank MQA Tech and Topmine for their expertise and assistance for their inputs.

What I'm going to focus is on the typical capabilities and what the authorities are really looking for. Here's a sample :

On the company :

What is the typical process involved in iron ore? Here are some hints :

i. The company can conduct mining prospects for their customers, and undertake the appropriate development stages to bring mines into operation:

Exploration, Feasibility studies, Design and construction, Project management, Mine planning and scheduling, Infrastructure and mine-site establishment, Pre-stripping

ii. The company must have resources and expertise for each step of the mining production cycle:

Drilling and blasting, Excavation, Loading and hauling, De-watering, Ground support, Mobile plant operation and maintenance



iii. The company is experienced in the design, construction, project management and operation of processing plant and transport infrastructure at each activity level:

Washing, Crushing and screening, Blending, Concentrating, Process plant operation and maintenance, Sampling and product analysis, Ship loading

iv. The company are well connected to a worldwide network of buyers, in most typical Asian cases - major Chinese commodity consumers, and we provide shipping logistic requirement to deliver products to their final destinations.

Logistic services, Shipping chartering, Port authority approvals, Marketing



Environmental and Safety Measures

As a corporate responsible citizen, the mining operation shall adopt adequate pollution control and safety measures in running the mine according to International Standards and Codes of Practice i.e.EMS 14000 and OHSAS 18000 etc. The following is a typical practice :



Impact Related to Mining Operation

The most significant environment issues related to any mining project are found to be related to mine effluent water discharge into the nearby river. However, with the implementation of sufficient tailing pond systems it is envisaged that the mine effluent water will not be a problem to the environment.

Water quality monitory scheme will determine whether the proposed remedial measures are effective in controlling the environmental issues.

Upgrading and Maintenance of Access Road

Regular maintenance includes patching up potholes, minor grading and further resurfacing shall be undertaken for the access/haulage road on a regular basis. This includes sprinkling of water reduce dust emission. A washing bay system will also be implemented to clean lorries before they leave the mine site.

Waste Disposal

The proposed mining scheme shall employ an environmental friendly waste disposal system. The waste disposal system will be described in the following sections.

Solid Waste Disposal

Solid wastes are not expected to cause any major problems. Wastes generated are basically garbage from the office. Scraps from the operation will be collected and sold to scrap dealers.

Pollution Control

Comprehensive measures will be adopted to control and minimize dust emissions:·

Noise Control

Generators with compressors will be housed with noise shields and air compressors within enclosed buildings. Proper maintenance of the vehicles will also reduce noise pollution. Screening of the site with earth bunds help to reduce noise generation and dust.

Rehabilitation and Abandonment

Planned and orderly removal and disposal of various plants, structures, and facilities shall be required under the unforeseen event of abandonment.

Necessary restoration or rehabilitation plans for any Project site after the cessation of Project operation are also essential.

Rehabilitation plan will be carried out progressively to the allowable extent that will not hinder the mining operation. Small part of the mined out are will be filled and levelled to its original ground condition and shrub plants and tree seedlings will be planted on the levelled area. Any project in short term in nature, which means the treatment plant shall be dismantled and transported out of the project area after the iron ore reserves has been exhausted. Based on experience, the total environmental disturbance caused by any project is minimal, and decreases as the areas concerned are returned to its natural form.

The disturbed area shall be cleared and cleaned from all debris and waste products. The balance reduced material shall be disposed off at a safe and approved dump area.

Remedial measures in the form of restoration and rehabilitation of the area are indeed necessary to be initiated in order to prepare the area for future use. Incorporation of these measures into the planning of the mine developments is therefore vital. The mine management has therefore planned to incorporate the element of reclamation and restoration process into their overall long-term plan of the mine. In short, the restoration is being carried out progressively and concurrently with the mining operation itself. As rehabilitation works are to be carried out in a progressive manner in tandem with the ongoing mining operation. Major part of rehabilitation costs will be absorbed by the mine operation costs.







REFERENCE OF CODES OF PRACTICE

MS ISO 2597-1 : 2002 - Iron ores - Determination of total iron content - Part 1: Titrimetric method after tin(II) chloride reduction. This Malaysian Standard specifies a titrimetric method for the determination of the total iron content of iron ores using potassium dichromate after reduction of the trivalent iron by tin(II) chloride.

MS ISO 7764 : 2002 - Iron ores - Preparation of predried test samples for chemical analysis. This Malaysian Standard specifies a method for the preparation of predried test samples of natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates, including sinter products, which are to be used for the determination of analytical values of constituents on a dry basis.

MS ISO 9035 : 2002 - Iron ores - Determination of acid-soluble iron(II) content - Titrimetric method. This Malaysian Standard specifies a method for the determination of iron(II) content in natural and processed iron ores containing from 1 % to 25 % acid-soluble iron(II) and only traces of metallic iron.

MS ISO 2596 : 2003 Iron ores - Determination of hygroscopic moisture in analytical samples - Gravimetric and Karl Fisher methods. This Malaysian Standard specifies the following two methods for the determination of 0.05 % (m/m) to 6 % (m/m) of hygroscopic moisture content in test samples of natural or processed iron ores:

- Method 1 - Gravimetric method;
- Method 2 - Karl Fischer method.

Either method 1 or method 2 is used where the analytical value of the constituent to be calculated to a dry sample basis is higher than 10 % (m/m) in the following types of ores:

a) processed ores containing metallic iron (direct reduced iron);
b) natural or processed ores in which the sulfur content is higher than 0.2 % (m/m);
c) natural or processed ores in which the content of combined water is higher than 2.5 % (m/m).

The result from the determination of hygroscopic moisture using this Malaysian Standard is not reported as part of the analysis of an ore sample.

NOTES:

1. Where the reportable hygroscopic moisture content of a commercial consignment of ores is required, the procedure in ISO 3087:1987, Iron ores-Determination of moisture content of a consignment is used.

2. With natural or processed ores outside the field of application specified in a) or b) or c), a determination of a constituent at any level of concentration can be conducted using a predried test sample prepared as specified in ISO 7764:1985, Iron ores-Preparation of predried test samples for chemical analysis.

MS ISO 2598-1 : 2002 - Iron ores - Determination of silicon content - Part 1: Gravimetric methods. This Malaysian Standard specifies two gravimetric methods for the determination of the silicon content of iron ores. These methods are applicable, with certain limitations, to silicon contents between 1% (m/m) and 15% (m/m) in natural iron ores, iron ore concentrates and agglomerates, including sinter products.

MS ISO 2598-2 : 2002 - Iron ores - Determination of silicon content - Part 2: Reduced molybdosilicate spectrophotometric method. This Malaysian Standard specifies a reduced molybdosilicate spectrophorometric method for the determination of the silicon content of iron ores. This method is applicable to silicon contents between 0.1% (m/m) and 5.0% (m/m) in natural iron ores, iron ore concentrates and agglomerates, including sinter products, especially for ores containing fluorine.

MS ISO 2599 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of phosphorus content – Titrimetric method. This standard specifies a titrimetric method for the determination of phosphorus content of iron ores, using hexaammonium heptamolybdate (ammonium molybdate). This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.10 to 5.0% (m/m) of phosphorus in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 3082 : 2002 - Iron ores - Sampling and sample preparation procedures. This Malaysian Standard gives:

a) the underlying theory,
b) the basic principles for sampling and preparation of samples,
c) the basic requirements for the design, installation and operation of sampling systems for mechanical sampling, manual sampling and preparation of samples taken from a lot under transfer to determine the chemical composition, moisture content and size distribution of the lot. Sampling and sample preparation procedures for physical testing are specified in ISO 10836.

MS ISO 3084 : 2002 : Iron ores - Experimental methods for evaluation of quality. This Malaysian Standard specifies experimental methods for the evaluation of quality variation of iron ores for each type of iron ore being traded and for each handling plant. Two distinct approaches are specified. The first is to analyse interleaved samples composed of a number of paired increments taken and combined alternately following stratified sampling or systematic sampling as specified in ISO 3082. The second is to collect and analyse individual increments and then to analyse the data using variograhic methods.

MS ISO 3085 : 2002 : Iron ores - Experimental methods for checking the precision of sampling. This Malaysian Standard specifies experimental methods for checking the precision of sampling of iron ores being carried out in accordance with the methods specified in ISO 3081 or ISO 3082.

MS ISO 3086 : 2002 - Iron ores - Determination of the moisture content of a lot. This Malaysian Standard specifies experimental methods for checking the bias of the sampling of iron ores, when the sampling is carried out in accordance with the methods specified in MS ISO 3081 or MS ISO 3082, having as reference a stopped-belt sampling method according to MS ISO 3081.

MS ISO 3087 : 2002 - Iron ores - Determination of bulk density. This Malaysian Standard specifies two methods for measuring the bulk density of natural and processed iron ores.

Method 1 is applicable to iron ores having a maximum particle size of 40 mm or smaller.

Method 2 is applicable to iron ores having any maximum particle size.

MS ISO 3886 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of manganese content – Periodate spectrophotometric method. This standard specifies a spectrophotometric method for the determination of manganese content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.02 to 8.0% (m/m) of manganese in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 4687-1 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of phosphorus content – Part 1 : Molybdenum blue spectrophotometric method. This standard specifies a molybdenum blue spectrophotomettric method for the determination of phosphorus content of iron ores. This method is applicable to phosphorus content between 0.003 to 2.0% (m/m) in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products. The presence of arsenic, barium or titanium does not affect the result.

MS ISO 4688-1 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of aluminium content – Part 1 : Flame atomic spectrometric method. This standard specifies a flame atomic spectrometric method for the determination of aluminium content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.1 to 5.0% (m/m) aluminium in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 4689 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of sulfur content – Barium sulfate gravimetric method

This standard specifies a barium sulfate gravimetric method for the determination of sulfur content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.01 to 1.0% (m/m) sulfur in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 4690 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of sulfur content – Combustion method - This standard specifies a combustion method for the determination of sulfur content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.002 to 0.25% (m/m) sulfur in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products. The results are not affected by the presence of fluoride.

MS ISO 4691 : 2004 - Iron ores - Determination of titanium content – Diantipyrylmethane spectrophotometric method. This standard specifies a spectrophotometric method using diantipyrylmethane for the determination of titanium content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.01 to 6.0% (m/m) of titanium in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 4693 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of copper content – Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method. This standard specifies a flame atomic absorption spectrometric method for the determination of copper content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration of 0.003 to 1.0% (m/m) of copper in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 4701 : 2002 - Iron ores - Determination of size distribution by sieving. This Malaysian Standard specifies the methods to be employed for determination of size distributions by sieving of iron ore, utilizing sieves having aperture sizes of 36 mm or larger.

MS ISO 6467 : 2004 - Ferrovanadium - Determination of vanadium content - Potentiometric method. This standard specifies a potentiometric method for the determionation of vanadium content for ferrovanadium. The method applies to alloys having a vanadium content less than or equal to 85 % (m/m).

MS ISO 6830 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of aluminium content – EDTA titrimetic method

This standard specifies a titrimetric method using EDTA for the determination of aluminium content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.25 to 5.0% (m/m) aluminium in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 7834 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of arsenic content – Molybdenum blue spectrophotometric method. This standard specifies a molybdenum blue spectrophotometric method for the determination of arsenic content in iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.0001 to 0.1% (m/m) of arsenic in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 9516-1 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of various elements by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry – Part 1 : Comprehensive procedure

This standard sets out a wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorencence procedure for the determination of iron, silicon, calcium, manganese, aluminium, titanium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur, pottasium, tin, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, lead and barium in iron ores. The method has been designed to cope with iron ores having high ignition losses. The method is applicable to iron ores regardless of mineralogical type. The determination of total iron content cannot be used for referee purposes.

MS ISO 9682-1 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of manganese content – Flame atomic absorption method. This standard specifies a flame atomic absorption method for the determination of manganese content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.01 to 3.0% (m/m) of manganese in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 11534 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of tin content – Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method. This standard specifies a flame atomic absorption spectrometric method for the determination of tin content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.001 to 0.015% (m/m) tin in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products

MS ISO 13310 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of zinc content – Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method. This standard specifies a flame atomic absorption spectrometric method for the determination of zinc content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration of 0.003 to 1.0% (m/m) of zinc in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 15967 : 2004 - Direct reduced iron - Determination of tumble strength of hot iron briquetted iron (HBI) This standard specifies a method for the determination of the tumble strength of hot briquetted (HBI).

Sunday, June 22, 2008

The Star Global Malaysians Forum - Posted: 10 July 2005 at 6:07pm

(In response to another e-mail)

Dear friend

I do hope that the next time, you will try to post your question 'in the open'. You can use pseudonym if you want to. I adopt a 'transparent' concept in networking so that all forum members may benefit from it - it's a learning and teaching environment.

Here's the information that you've asked and lucky you - it's in BM as you wanted. Judging by the your 'questioning techniques', I'm pretty sure that you are from Civil and Building/Structural Engineering Works.

Please be reminded that this model may subject to (generic) minor/major changes if you are involved in highway construction (civil)

There's a lot more where that came from.

I do not have the full answer to your question on 'aggregate and concerete' but I do have something that may help you out. (the following is ONLY a preliminary research (literature review) and not the thesis itself)

Besides British Standards 812, you should also cross reference to BS 882 as well. Please contact BSI or SIRIM Library (I am unsure if they have an equivalent MS Standard..perhaps you can enquire - but I do also know that some BS standards are also available over there)

On your other query of how or where to start, try to make your own assumption first by creating your own target on the interelationship between the following values with the concrete strength and the targetted ages typically 7, 14 & 28 days:

* Aggregate Impact/Crush Values (please specify grade), x% fine values, water absorption Value, LA Abrasion Value, Polished Stone Value

The usual testings are Crush Cube and Flexural tests with respective dimensions of x X y X z mm (e.g. 150 X 150 X 150mm).

Sungai Long Industries (Bina Puri Group - Tan Sri Tee Hock Seng) was one of the quarry (in Hulu Langat) used to be under my direct ISO 9001:2000 consulting supervision. (now certified) Perhaps you can also contact them and refer to my name (find a guy called Baljit - if he's still there) I'm also unsure if they would allow you to take samples from them.

On your question about engaging quality management consultant, I must advise you not to engage QM Consultant having inferior or no knowledge at all in the construction industry - otherwise you'll end up in chaos! I've seen a small number of quality consultants (with the necessary professional affiliations) have spoiled their clients (main contractors) by giving a 'xerox QMS documentation' from a manufacturing industry. A client of mine was very lucky to catch hold of me when THEIR clients are 'shouting' to get the earthworks & piling method statements but instead were being given some work instructions that has no absolute relation to the client's specification, drawing, design brief and even contractual requirements. Even the procedures are text based and NONE of them are flow-chart/process-flow based. Although I have managed to pacify the Client (who was about to terminate the contract of the main contractor), I must admit that I was 'a bit dissapointed' to see this is happening as the scenario may have somehow (to a certain degree) 'spoiled' the reputation of genuine/experienced consultants.

You appear to have the necessary qualifications and experience in Construction both QA/QC, I think with proper guide, you can do it!

Many years ago, somewhere between 1995-1997 when I was the weekly columnist for Utusan Malaysia talking about ISO 9000, TQM, OSH & EMS, there was another columnist for The Star talking about ISO 9000 in the Construction Industry. His name is Tim D. Alcock and we kinda know each other. At that time Tim was working with a consulting firm known as QMI. I will e-mail you his latest e-mail address in UK. Another 'senior' company that has been doing ISO 9000 in the construction industry - LONG before construction ISO became a trend in Malaysia (that time, it was known as BS 5750) is a company called Balfour Beatty (also involved in the country's double track project) where I was in the Engineering Department in one of their projects many years back. You may also wanted to get in touch with them as well if you're in UK.

Tuesday, June 10, 2008

The Star Global Malaysians Forum
Posted: 26 September 2006 at 11:58am

Comments by ahvincent

Nowadays most Owners insist that we design certain basic "green" peinciples into buildings. The guideslines are still pretty loosely defined but generally speaking our designs do incorporate the basic generally accepted "green" principles and must be efficient and economical to build.
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Posted: 28 September 2006 at 10:59am

Further comments by ahvincent

I read somewhere they have started to construct a wind farm in the Mornington Peninsula in Victoria where it is always windy 365 days a year. I think they are saying that eventually there will be 2,000 such mills in the farm.

Some people say it is not economical....but I don't know or understand why it wouldn't be. It certainly is eco friendly. Well, I will just have to wait and see what will come out of it in the future.

Co-generation of electricity is already practised in parts of Europe and Japan. Australia is currently building a massive wind farm to generate power. It's success remains to be seen.
---------------------------------
Posted: 29 September 2006 at 6:59am

Response by gleearch

Ahvincent,

There will always be detractors who will say wind farms and pv farms are not feasible.

The question to ask is, compared to what?

A diesel burning electric generator? While they build those things in masses, it still takes fuel to fire up and operate. Not to mention the pollution etc.

Yet wind farms and PV use free energy. Since all generators need to be maintained, upkeep costs are somewhat moot. Though with PV, it's really low maintenance.

What most people don't realise is that these wind turbines are getting smaller and more efficient. Some are now being installed on high rise buildings to take advantage of the high wind speeds near the tops of these buildings. In some ways this is better, because you are utilizing urban space instead of green fields.

It's mainly the oil lobby which likes to kcik up a big fuss about the costs of going green. Unfortunately for them, those arguments don't hold much water now. The cost of green is coming down fairly rapidly and most new buildings that use LEED or similar sustainable design strategies are seeing these cost fast closing the gap with conventional construction.
--------------------------------
Posted: 29 September 2006 at 6:24pm

Nik Zafri's Comments

I think it's a fabulous idea to have wind turbines installed on top of buildings esp. here in Malaysia. I've seen it abroad but never seen it in Malaysia so far. The higher the building is the better - where wind is fastest. I ain't sure about the cost say...RM..../kWh. But I do know it's cheaper than nuclear.

I'm not sure about old buildings Gerard, probably they are not designed for stress from wind turbines compared to new buildings packaged together with wind turbines.

However, with oil/coal/gas are depleting, wind turbines can become an economical option.

I've also read somewhere about green building standard - it talks about renewable energy and fuel cell equipment - that will enable us not to be overdependent on fossil fuels and conventional electricity. Examples quoted - solar water heaters, photovoltaic systems and wind turbines.

You can see something even more interesting over here as well. The pic below is the FUTURE!



http://www.esru.strath.ac.uk/EandE/Web_sites/01-02/RE_info/Urban%20wind.htm

Wind power can be used to generate electricity in an urban environment. The easiest way to do this would be if everybody built a 600kW turbine on the top of his or her house.

This is quite clearly not feasible, but urban wind generation is. The University of Strathclyde in Glasgow was involved in a project to redevelop the Lighthouse building in Glasgow. The Energy Systems Research Unit was involved to show how renewable technology can be utilised. One device they decided to use was a Ducted Wind Turbine.

This device sits at the edge of the roof of a building and utilises the updraft of the airflow along a building side. The air flows upwards, hugging the building wall then enters the front of the duct. The arrows above show the flow through the turbine. The spoiler at the top of the turbine also utilises a PV module to increase generation from renewable energy. The spoiler is optimised to create a pressure differential across the duct and the PV is mounted at this angle.

The devices are relatively small with a blade diameter of 600mm so they possess very little visual impact on a building.



These devices are suitable for an urban environment but not households. They are more suited to office buildings and high rise buildings rather than a small household. These devices are unlike most other common wind turbines in the fact that they are uni-directional. As explained in the Beginners Guide most turbines will position themselves perpendicular to the flow of the wind. A HAWT will yaw into position and a VAWT is always in the correct position. These turbines are fixed into position so are dependant upon the wind blowing in the correct direction. Because of the duct the turbine will perform favourably to a wind direction variability of 120o. (60o to each side of perpendicular to turbine.)



The wind direction is Scotland is predominantly south-westerly so the turbines should be positioned on the South and West edges of any structures roof.

Theoretical Power Outputs

Using the devices installed at the Lighthouse an approximation on the power outputs can be made. The theory from the Beginners Guide to Wind applies here.

Air density ( ) = 1.225kg/m3
Diameter (D) = 0.6m
Wind Speed (V) = 10m/s
Cp = 0.35

Swept Area of Rotor = R2 =0.2827m2



P = 173.18W (This is the theoretical power available)



P = 60.61W (This is a realistic value of power available)

The value above shows the power available theoretically for a single ducted turbine, but in real terms they would be installed in banks along the edge of a building roof.

One single ducted wind turbine would produce 530kWh electricity per year

An average installation would probably consist of 10-ducted turbines; this would yield an annual energy production of 5308.56kWh. The installation of a PV on the spoiler would again increase the power output and if the same module from the Urban PV section is used the expected power for a bank of 10 ducted turbines would increase by 722.93kWh to 6031.49kWh per annum, assuming that each ducted turbine has one PV module installed on its spoiler, which covers an area of 0.61596m2.

Actual Power Outputs

The previous calculation assumes the basis that the wind speed would be constant at 10m/s for the duration of the year and that the wind would be blowing in the correct direction of the turbine. The value of power produced from these machines will be less than stated above because of these stated assumptions.

An estimation of the expected wind speeds in Glasgow could be made using data collected in Bishopton (10 miles south-west of Glasgow) (NGR = 2418E 6711N - Altitude = 59 metres - Latitude = 55:91 N Longitude = 04:53 W) every hour during 2001-



The chart shows the availability of the wind at certain angles including the 60o availability. It clearly shows southwest to be the predominant wind direction. The chart shows that in the southwest direction that the wind is only available 11% of the year at 10m/s. Obviously the wind will blow at speeds less than 10m/s but as explained in the beginners section this would greatly reduce the power output. Again the wind will blow at speeds greater than 10m/s and greatly increase the power output but this would be a rare occurrence throughout the year.

The theoretical power outputs shown above are probably the upper limit of the power expected from these ducted machines and a capacity factor of about 25% is more realistic, knowing that for HAWT in Scotland the capacity factor is approximately 35%, since these ducted turbines are uni-directional.

Therefore a realistic power output from a single ducted turbine would be

(530.856 x 0.25)+ 72.293 (from PV) = 205kWh/year

Individual Possibilities

We have discussed how it would not feasible to expect everyone to have a wind turbine on their roof but there is a lot of unused roof space in city centres on large office buildings and also factories roofs could provide an ideal place for wind turbines to be deployed. As we are unsure of the roof area available in Scotland, this example will demonstrate the effects of a wind turbine for every person in Scotland (5,115,000 people)

One wind turbine (530.856 x 0.25)+ 72.293 (from PV) = 205kWh/year

This would result in an electricity production of;

i) = 205(kW) x 5,115,000= 1,048,575,000kWh

1,049GWh, which is 3.3% of Scotland's yearly electricity consumption
(Scottish Total = 32037GWh)

National Benefits

The introduction of ducted wind turbines could result in an annual reduction of carbon dioxide emissions in Scotland, every kWh of electricity produced from fossil fuels results in 0.97 kg of CO2

i) 0.97kg x 1,048,575,000kWh /year = 1,017,117,750 kg/CO2



1.4 % of Total Scottish CO2 Emissions - (1.4 % of 72,300,000,000 kg)

The future

No estimation on the cost of installation can be made, as these devices are very much in the research and development stage at this moment. The research into this field is growing as more people become interested in urban wind generation. Below are some images of ideas to utilise urban wind generation. A website exists that is only interested in the development of wind turbines for the urban environment. (www.urbanturbines.com).

Such a technology could be deployed relatively cheaply in the future however more research has to be carried out to examine the energy production potential and where electricity produced could be used successfully. Many designers are considering the integration of wind turbines within buildings again it is not yet known how feasible this will be.
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Posted: 30 September 2006 at 12:59am

Response by gleearch

Nik,

Large system obviously would have a difficult time being retrofitted to old buildings. That's where PV panles and smaller wind systems could be used.

That's another issue. The reuse of older buildings.
More along the lines of saving and recycling historical buildings. Too often as we have seen throughout asia, beautiful old buildings are torn down and replaced by what is touted then as the future. Half the time, they are ugly boxes with no real design in them.

However recycling buildings, salvaging them and reusing them is another otpion of being green. Green isn't always about building a brand new building with all the latest technology.

Sometimes it's about reusing an old building. Some of these buildings have huge timbers, etc that you cannot find today. So it's worthwhile to salvage those materials if not reusing the building. If the existing building is reused, obviously there are issue with hazardous materials etc but those can be mitigated and old HVAC systems can be replaced. A good designer can make the most out an existing space or create additions which respect or work well to ennhance the existing building.

There's is so much more to being green. It's a good time to be working on saving the environment.

Monday, June 09, 2008

My special thanks to Tuan Haji Ahmad bin Che Din, Taman Merdeka, Selama, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia

The 14 Golden Rules for Malaysian Business
(Version 02-May, 2006) - By : Nik Zafri (V1-2002)

(KNOWLEDGABLE) - Possess sufficient knowledge, skills/competencies, abilities, experience, exposures and qualifications. All these criterions must be geared towards developing result-oriented system.

(HELPING HAND) - A lending hand to interested parties - associates, partners, staff and general public (including competitors) related to the business. This include sharing new business methodologies through training/ briefing/ conversation/ meeting/ coaching etc. etc. with a perspective of building a better business network in the long run. Becoming responsible corporate citizens by helping the needies (social/welfare activities) and susceptible to the surroundings (including general public)

(CORRUPTION-FREE) - Free from graft of any form. Bribery destroy businesses in a short time and it is also against religious beliefs and the laws.

(EFFECTIVE MARKETING) - Approach the market ethically upon seeing prospects. Diligence and hardworking without giving up easily. Never say 'NO' to customers requests or enquiries. Form up smart partnership(s) or JV(s) with more experienced parties if required.

(NO WASTAGES) - Do not waste time/money on prospective clients/sub-contractors/suppliers at entertainment centres/nightspots or going on tour - vacation in order to win certain tenders (s) or as one of the 'implied criterons' for tender(s) award. Wastages should also be avoided in terms of quality costs (scrap, duplicate activities, wastages etc. etc.) and where practicable, recycle. Apart from the above, meetings/discussions which are time- consuming and unproductive must be minimised including to experiment or test-run a certain 'blue print' or system which is still theoritical. Finally, negative habits such as loafing, truancy, too much talking, spending too long of a time at canteens/cafeteria/stalls should be avoided.

(VISIONARY) - having long term strategic plans in the context of mission, objective and goal. All planning should consider measurement, implementation, current financial status, human resources, technology and business suitability. Expecting potential problems proactively may prevent future pitfalls.

(EXCELLENCE) - excellence and having own business branding without 'xeroxing' or too much influenced by others/competitors. Being proud of own business (even how small or how big) without inferiority.

(PRACTICAL) - Putting all effort towards achieving the objectives and goals being set-up and not simply developing hypothesis or lip-service. Having business-'ownership' feeling, leadership and ability to work independently. These include the process of critical decision making under any circumstances. Responsible, committed and accountable on duties being executed.

(TRANSPARENCY) - adopting transparency in matters/current development pertaining business that need to be made known to interested parties (client, stakeholders, general public, consumers etc. etc.)

(SUSCEPTIBLE) - caring and susceptible towards the volatile changes in the requirements (specification/trend) of interested parties.

(TENDENCY TOWARDS CHANGE) - Readiness to embrace change or upgrade the quality of services and products according to the latest trends regarding new knowledge, technology and method. These include willingness to allocate additional investment(s) aimed towards continual improvement and long term returns.

(LISTENING TO OPINIONS AND CONSTRUCTIVE CRITICISM) - becoming a good listener to views and (constructive) criticisms from interested parties as they may become catalyst to business growth.

(NOT DEPENDING ON RUMOURS) - not depending solely on rumours in the course of running business. This include unverified/unreliable tips of market shares/stocks (known to fluctuate)

(QUALITY) - OVERALL - implementation of policy, procedures, standards/codes of practice, process, product/services, resources - technology, training, development of management/staff/workers, customers, teamwork, welfare, occupational health and safety/environmental management. Instilling discipline (or self-instilled disciplines) in all aspects including subordination
The Star Global Malaysians Forum - Posted: 02 June 2007 at 3:21pm

I always ponder on this subject since I was a kid – perhaps influence from sci-fi stories. Will we be seeing building designs of the future be different or with the sophisticated looks? Or perhaps getting taller and taller?

As I entered the 90s, yes, I have seen some futuristic developments as I expected when I was a child. But do you think, the building will be taller and taller in the future?

I don’t think so. Of course, once people become really economic-conscious, this skyscrapers would no longer be built as you don’t have proper justifications in terms of economy. Just visit any skyscraper in the world today - look at the ‘small’ office spaces as you go further up? And look at the rental price?

But if you all ask me, will digital age encounter higher evolution as time goes by? My answer would be a big ‘YES” and to evolutionize the digital age, you do not need to build high buildings, right?

You can just ‘go anywhere’ to find :

a) ‘wi-fi’ and ‘wi-max’ – a very rapid evolution of broadband which started from leased line which started from ‘dial-up’

b) ‘3G’ facilities – a very rapid evolution of GPRS, Bluetooth which started from WAP.

then you’ll get connected to the world - and these technologies are getting better and better as I speak now!

Now why would people build tall buildings on the first place? If you study carefully, the typical claims would be :

a. to denote some kind of success and glory via ‘monuments’,

b. plus (ironically) also an indication of the lifestyle of rich and famous, the taller the penthouse or CEO’s office suite be, the ‘taller’ the ‘success level’ would be

So, do you think, this philosophy will still be valid in the future? (Maybe now) I think what we’re facing now is part of the new industrial revolution (we’re still in the learning stage) and soon when quality genuinely takes its place, we would be concentrating to building a more secured, stronger + environmental friendly superstructures – green buildings (not necessarily high)

Now how would I know this? I see ‘signs are happening now’. I noticed that some true rich men coincidentally related to the digital business – surprisingly prefers lower buildings with good surroundings - just look at Google, Yahoo offices and even Microsoft building in Richmond. Now these firms are more into evolutionizing digital technology rather than making skyscrapers to denote their success.

Now the following are what I foresee (not Nostradamaus-oriented) :

a) The current skyscrapers will stay the way they are but new ones will no longer be built,

b) Even if there are new buildings to be built, the focus would be on reliability, strength, longer life-cycle and especially environmental friendly elements – in simple terms – GENUINE sustainable development,

c) Digital technology race and evolution will come to a total halt one day (but not as soon as skyscrapers) and we would still be maintaining what we have – possibly try to go back to the basics as much as we can.
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Response from flick068-Posted: 02 June 2007 at 4:34pm

I think you're not very far off in your Nostradamaus-oriented predictions. The current movement is towards green and sustainable buildings rather than glorified monuments. Although glorified monuments seems to be de rigueur in developing nations eg India & China. For eg, just read in today's paper a billionaire in India building a 60-storey palace with helipad, health club, etc for his business/office and home, just 'coz he can! If you've got it, flaunt it type of mentality I suppose. And look at all the one-upman-ship happening around in Shanghai, Taiwan, Malaysia included on who builds the tallest, longest, biggest building... (how about a building that works and not crack or leak would be better don't you think?)

Once people realise about scarcity of resources and the need for sustainability then the buildings will follow. In some ways the developed nations are getting there because they are the first to feel the effect, in a way.

Also, with the digital movement, it will change the way people work. Perhaps more people will work from home and there won't be need for massive office buildings - although i think this is much further away in the future.... i don't think human bosses have the necessary skills to manage staff remotely (another whole different discussion on human bosses' skills....)
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Nik Zafri's Response : Posted: 08 June 2007 at 2:46pm

Hi flick, thanks for seconding. The more I look into this matter, the more I see few things :

a. We have to learn the hard way - that is when the environmental factors started to deteriorate profusely, only then, people will understand that how important to safeguard nature in order not to destroy the future of their very own future generation. (many countries started out where we started. Some realized fast and drew the line to block the 'madness of unsustainable development' plus restarted trees planting but some countries were left very far behind and awaiting destruction - as a result of their own past guilts)

b. The (a) factor is very much related to serious need for attitude change - ignorance, talking hypotheses/dissertation (talk the walk), no follow-up action taken, waiting for something to happen first (reactive and corrective or firefighting attitudes) etc.etc.

Indeed ICT evolution should be channelled towards educating the people proactively!