SOAL JAWAB - KESELAMATAN, KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN, ALAM SEKITAR - Nik Zafri

SOALAN 1 : Selain kepatuhan terhadap undang-undang, kenapa perlukan sistem pengurusan keselamatan kerja dan alam sekitar?

Jawapan : Pentingnya sistem ialah untuk memastikan dan meningkatkan lagi tahap keselamatan, kesihatan, persekitaran dan kebajikan pekerja terjaga.

SOALAN 2. Adakah dokumentasi itu penting?

Jawapan :

Jika ianya dapat menyelamatkan nyawa, maka dokumentasi itu penting, tetapi ianya mesti disusuli dengan pelaksanaan. Maka saya berpendapat, dokumentasi dan pelaksanaan adalah sama pentingnya.

Jika kita masih beranggapan bahawa dokumentasi itu terlalu membebankan, maka matlamat untuk mencapai satu sistem yang bertulis sebagai bukti pelaksanaan tidak akan tercapai.

SOALAN 3. Bagaimana nak memastikan semua orang faham mengenai pentingnya menjaga keselamatan, kesihatan dan penjagaan alam sekitar?

Jawapan : 

• Komitmen ikhlas dan sepenuh-hati dari pihak pengurusan tertinggi.
• Delegasi tugas yang betul kepada orang yang betul.
• Komunikasi perlu berkesan dan mesej "suci" ini sampai sehingga kepada peringkat kakitangan sokongan mahupun buruh/pekerja.
• Latihan dan pembangunan secara berterusan.

SOALAN 4. Kenapa keselamatan, kesihatan dan pengurusan alam sekitar terabai?

Jawapan : Mengikut pengalaman saya - ada 3 unsur sahaja, pertama - sistem, kedua - pelaksanaan, ketiga - sikap :

• sifat menghafal dan bukannya memahami. Jika tidak faham,bagaimana nak menghayati serta jadikannya sebagai budaya syarikat?
• Sifat suka menuding jari apabila berlaku insiden dan kemalangan. (Tiada akauntabiliti – rasa dipertanggungjawabkan). Walhal jika mengikut prosedur yang betul (jika ada prosedur), perkara ini boleh diselesaikan mengikut lunas undang-undang. Tidak ada satu pun tempat kerja yang 100% selamat.
• Melakukan kerana terpaksa dan dipaksa. Melaksanakan sistem pengurusan keselamatan, kesihatan pekerjaan dan alam sekitar tidak boleh dilakukan kerana terpaksa, ianya akan menimbulkan lebih banyak masalah lagi.
• 'attitude' perlu betul dalam kita hendak melaksanakan sistem ini. (adopting the right attitude)

Jika awal-awal lagi, kita sudah tanamkan pemikiran negatif umpamanya "sistem ini menyusahkan" dan seumpamanya, maka kita perlukan bantuan professional.

• Mengukur keselamatan, kesihatan dan pengurusan alam sekitar menerusi satu perspektif yang sempit – contohnya dengan hanya adanya peralatan perlindungan diri (PPE), maka keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan serta alam sekitar telah pun terjaga.

Malah persepsi pemakaian PPE juga perlu difahami dalam 2 kategori:

a) adanya topi keselamatan dipakai untuk mengelak dari objek yang jatuh dari atas.

b) adanya topi keselamatan juga dapat menyelamatkan nyawa

Faktor-faktor lain ialah :

• Takut untuk berbelanja lebih bagi meningkatkan tahap keselamatan kerja.
• Tindakan menangani insiden dan kemalangan tidak bertepatan dengan undang-undang. Ini termasuklah "cuba menutup" kes-kes kematian, kecederaan parah dari pihak berkuasa dsb.
• Meletakkan kesalahan hanya kepada Pegawai Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan

SOALAN 5 : Kenapa perlunya Jawatankuasa Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan?

Jawapan :

Keselamatan, Kesihatan Pekerjaan dan Pengurusan Alam Sekitar bukan kerja perseorangan tetapi ianya adalah kerjasama dalam satu pasukan.

Perlu ada sesi bertukar-tukar pendapat, mengikut kepakaran dan pengalaman dalam bidang/jabatan masing-masing demi keselamatan, kesihatan dan pengurusan alam sekitar sesebuah organisasi.

Jangan hanya serahkan semua tanggungjawab kepada Pegawai atau Pengurus HSE sahaja. Inipun salah juga...

SOALAN 6. Adakah Penilaian Suasana Berbahaya, Impak/Aspek dan Risiko itu perlu?

Jawapan :

Penilaian ini perlu dimulakan daripada peringkat perancangan pra-operasi lagi. Sebarang suasana berbahaya, impak/aspek dan risiko perlu dikenalpasti secara proaktif berdasarkan pengalaman terdahulu. Kemudian ianya perlu dikawal semasa penilaian berlaku dan disemak kembali akan keberkesanannya.

Penilaian Risiko tidak sama dengan Pemeriksaan (Inspection) dan Audit.
Pemeriksaan adalah sesuatu yang biasa dilakukan (rutin), audit dan penilaian risiko adalah secara berkala dan berjadual.

Bezanya, penilaian risiko tidak diberikan laporan ketidakpatuhan (NCR) seperti audit dan pemeriksaan.

Penilaian risiko akan mengenengahkan masalah kecil yang berpotensi membawa kepada masalah yang besar jika tidak ditangani secara proaktif. Jika ada masalah besar, maka itu menunjukkan terdapat risiko yang tinggi dalam sesuatu operasi

Setiap masalah diberikan pemarkahannya yang tersendiri. Kesilapan penilai risiko ialah mengeluarkan laporan ketidakpatuhan. Ini boleh menimbulkan kekeliruan.

Tujuan utama Penilaian Risiko ialah untuk menjadi pemangkin dengan mengurangkan trend ketidakpatuhan dalam pemeriksaan dan audit.

Maka jika didapati jumlah NCR masih tinggi (makin bertambah) dalam pemeriksaan dan audit, maka kemungkinan besar pengenalpastian risiko secara proaktif adalah TIDAK TEPAT. Segera lakukan penyemakan kembali.

On the government procedure : You can click here as a sample:

Please take into account EIA from DOE

I like to thank MQA Tech and Topmine for their expertise and assistance for their inputs.

What I'm going to focus is on the typical capabilities and what the authorities are really looking for. Here's a sample :

On the company :

What is the typical process involved in iron ore? Here are some hints :

i. The company can conduct mining prospects for their customers, and undertake the appropriate development stages to bring mines into operation:

Exploration, Feasibility studies, Design and construction, Project management, Mine planning and scheduling, Infrastructure and mine-site establishment, Pre-stripping

ii. The company must have resources and expertise for each step of the mining production cycle:

Drilling and blasting, Excavation, Loading and hauling, De-watering, Ground support, Mobile plant operation and maintenance



iii. The company is experienced in the design, construction, project management and operation of processing plant and transport infrastructure at each activity level:

Washing, Crushing and screening, Blending, Concentrating, Process plant operation and maintenance, Sampling and product analysis, Ship loading

iv. The company are well connected to a worldwide network of buyers, in most typical Asian cases - major Chinese commodity consumers, and we provide shipping logistic requirement to deliver products to their final destinations.

Logistic services, Shipping chartering, Port authority approvals, Marketing



Environmental and Safety Measures

As a corporate responsible citizen, the mining operation shall adopt adequate pollution control and safety measures in running the mine according to International Standards and Codes of Practice i.e.EMS 14000 and OHSAS 18000 etc. The following is a typical practice :



Impact Related to Mining Operation

The most significant environment issues related to any mining project are found to be related to mine effluent water discharge into the nearby river. However, with the implementation of sufficient tailing pond systems it is envisaged that the mine effluent water will not be a problem to the environment.

Water quality monitory scheme will determine whether the proposed remedial measures are effective in controlling the environmental issues.

Upgrading and Maintenance of Access Road

Regular maintenance includes patching up potholes, minor grading and further resurfacing shall be undertaken for the access/haulage road on a regular basis. This includes sprinkling of water reduce dust emission. A washing bay system will also be implemented to clean lorries before they leave the mine site.

Waste Disposal

The proposed mining scheme shall employ an environmental friendly waste disposal system. The waste disposal system will be described in the following sections.

Solid Waste Disposal

Solid wastes are not expected to cause any major problems. Wastes generated are basically garbage from the office. Scraps from the operation will be collected and sold to scrap dealers.

Pollution Control

Comprehensive measures will be adopted to control and minimize dust emissions:·

Noise Control

Generators with compressors will be housed with noise shields and air compressors within enclosed buildings. Proper maintenance of the vehicles will also reduce noise pollution. Screening of the site with earth bunds help to reduce noise generation and dust.

Rehabilitation and Abandonment

Planned and orderly removal and disposal of various plants, structures, and facilities shall be required under the unforeseen event of abandonment.

Necessary restoration or rehabilitation plans for any Project site after the cessation of Project operation are also essential.

Rehabilitation plan will be carried out progressively to the allowable extent that will not hinder the mining operation. Small part of the mined out are will be filled and levelled to its original ground condition and shrub plants and tree seedlings will be planted on the levelled area. Any project in short term in nature, which means the treatment plant shall be dismantled and transported out of the project area after the iron ore reserves has been exhausted. Based on experience, the total environmental disturbance caused by any project is minimal, and decreases as the areas concerned are returned to its natural form.

The disturbed area shall be cleared and cleaned from all debris and waste products. The balance reduced material shall be disposed off at a safe and approved dump area.

Remedial measures in the form of restoration and rehabilitation of the area are indeed necessary to be initiated in order to prepare the area for future use. Incorporation of these measures into the planning of the mine developments is therefore vital. The mine management has therefore planned to incorporate the element of reclamation and restoration process into their overall long-term plan of the mine. In short, the restoration is being carried out progressively and concurrently with the mining operation itself. As rehabilitation works are to be carried out in a progressive manner in tandem with the ongoing mining operation. Major part of rehabilitation costs will be absorbed by the mine operation costs.







REFERENCE OF CODES OF PRACTICE

MS ISO 2597-1 : 2002 - Iron ores - Determination of total iron content - Part 1: Titrimetric method after tin(II) chloride reduction. This Malaysian Standard specifies a titrimetric method for the determination of the total iron content of iron ores using potassium dichromate after reduction of the trivalent iron by tin(II) chloride.

MS ISO 7764 : 2002 - Iron ores - Preparation of predried test samples for chemical analysis. This Malaysian Standard specifies a method for the preparation of predried test samples of natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates, including sinter products, which are to be used for the determination of analytical values of constituents on a dry basis.

MS ISO 9035 : 2002 - Iron ores - Determination of acid-soluble iron(II) content - Titrimetric method. This Malaysian Standard specifies a method for the determination of iron(II) content in natural and processed iron ores containing from 1 % to 25 % acid-soluble iron(II) and only traces of metallic iron.

MS ISO 2596 : 2003 Iron ores - Determination of hygroscopic moisture in analytical samples - Gravimetric and Karl Fisher methods. This Malaysian Standard specifies the following two methods for the determination of 0.05 % (m/m) to 6 % (m/m) of hygroscopic moisture content in test samples of natural or processed iron ores:

- Method 1 - Gravimetric method;
- Method 2 - Karl Fischer method.

Either method 1 or method 2 is used where the analytical value of the constituent to be calculated to a dry sample basis is higher than 10 % (m/m) in the following types of ores:

a) processed ores containing metallic iron (direct reduced iron);
b) natural or processed ores in which the sulfur content is higher than 0.2 % (m/m);
c) natural or processed ores in which the content of combined water is higher than 2.5 % (m/m).

The result from the determination of hygroscopic moisture using this Malaysian Standard is not reported as part of the analysis of an ore sample.

NOTES:

1. Where the reportable hygroscopic moisture content of a commercial consignment of ores is required, the procedure in ISO 3087:1987, Iron ores-Determination of moisture content of a consignment is used.

2. With natural or processed ores outside the field of application specified in a) or b) or c), a determination of a constituent at any level of concentration can be conducted using a predried test sample prepared as specified in ISO 7764:1985, Iron ores-Preparation of predried test samples for chemical analysis.

MS ISO 2598-1 : 2002 - Iron ores - Determination of silicon content - Part 1: Gravimetric methods. This Malaysian Standard specifies two gravimetric methods for the determination of the silicon content of iron ores. These methods are applicable, with certain limitations, to silicon contents between 1% (m/m) and 15% (m/m) in natural iron ores, iron ore concentrates and agglomerates, including sinter products.

MS ISO 2598-2 : 2002 - Iron ores - Determination of silicon content - Part 2: Reduced molybdosilicate spectrophotometric method. This Malaysian Standard specifies a reduced molybdosilicate spectrophorometric method for the determination of the silicon content of iron ores. This method is applicable to silicon contents between 0.1% (m/m) and 5.0% (m/m) in natural iron ores, iron ore concentrates and agglomerates, including sinter products, especially for ores containing fluorine.

MS ISO 2599 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of phosphorus content – Titrimetric method. This standard specifies a titrimetric method for the determination of phosphorus content of iron ores, using hexaammonium heptamolybdate (ammonium molybdate). This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.10 to 5.0% (m/m) of phosphorus in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 3082 : 2002 - Iron ores - Sampling and sample preparation procedures. This Malaysian Standard gives:

a) the underlying theory,
b) the basic principles for sampling and preparation of samples,
c) the basic requirements for the design, installation and operation of sampling systems for mechanical sampling, manual sampling and preparation of samples taken from a lot under transfer to determine the chemical composition, moisture content and size distribution of the lot. Sampling and sample preparation procedures for physical testing are specified in ISO 10836.

MS ISO 3084 : 2002 : Iron ores - Experimental methods for evaluation of quality. This Malaysian Standard specifies experimental methods for the evaluation of quality variation of iron ores for each type of iron ore being traded and for each handling plant. Two distinct approaches are specified. The first is to analyse interleaved samples composed of a number of paired increments taken and combined alternately following stratified sampling or systematic sampling as specified in ISO 3082. The second is to collect and analyse individual increments and then to analyse the data using variograhic methods.

MS ISO 3085 : 2002 : Iron ores - Experimental methods for checking the precision of sampling. This Malaysian Standard specifies experimental methods for checking the precision of sampling of iron ores being carried out in accordance with the methods specified in ISO 3081 or ISO 3082.

MS ISO 3086 : 2002 - Iron ores - Determination of the moisture content of a lot. This Malaysian Standard specifies experimental methods for checking the bias of the sampling of iron ores, when the sampling is carried out in accordance with the methods specified in MS ISO 3081 or MS ISO 3082, having as reference a stopped-belt sampling method according to MS ISO 3081.

MS ISO 3087 : 2002 - Iron ores - Determination of bulk density. This Malaysian Standard specifies two methods for measuring the bulk density of natural and processed iron ores.

Method 1 is applicable to iron ores having a maximum particle size of 40 mm or smaller.

Method 2 is applicable to iron ores having any maximum particle size.

MS ISO 3886 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of manganese content – Periodate spectrophotometric method. This standard specifies a spectrophotometric method for the determination of manganese content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.02 to 8.0% (m/m) of manganese in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 4687-1 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of phosphorus content – Part 1 : Molybdenum blue spectrophotometric method. This standard specifies a molybdenum blue spectrophotomettric method for the determination of phosphorus content of iron ores. This method is applicable to phosphorus content between 0.003 to 2.0% (m/m) in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products. The presence of arsenic, barium or titanium does not affect the result.

MS ISO 4688-1 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of aluminium content – Part 1 : Flame atomic spectrometric method. This standard specifies a flame atomic spectrometric method for the determination of aluminium content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.1 to 5.0% (m/m) aluminium in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 4689 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of sulfur content – Barium sulfate gravimetric method

This standard specifies a barium sulfate gravimetric method for the determination of sulfur content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.01 to 1.0% (m/m) sulfur in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 4690 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of sulfur content – Combustion method - This standard specifies a combustion method for the determination of sulfur content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.002 to 0.25% (m/m) sulfur in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products. The results are not affected by the presence of fluoride.

MS ISO 4691 : 2004 - Iron ores - Determination of titanium content – Diantipyrylmethane spectrophotometric method. This standard specifies a spectrophotometric method using diantipyrylmethane for the determination of titanium content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.01 to 6.0% (m/m) of titanium in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 4693 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of copper content – Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method. This standard specifies a flame atomic absorption spectrometric method for the determination of copper content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration of 0.003 to 1.0% (m/m) of copper in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 4701 : 2002 - Iron ores - Determination of size distribution by sieving. This Malaysian Standard specifies the methods to be employed for determination of size distributions by sieving of iron ore, utilizing sieves having aperture sizes of 36 mm or larger.

MS ISO 6467 : 2004 - Ferrovanadium - Determination of vanadium content - Potentiometric method. This standard specifies a potentiometric method for the determionation of vanadium content for ferrovanadium. The method applies to alloys having a vanadium content less than or equal to 85 % (m/m).

MS ISO 6830 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of aluminium content – EDTA titrimetic method

This standard specifies a titrimetric method using EDTA for the determination of aluminium content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.25 to 5.0% (m/m) aluminium in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 7834 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of arsenic content – Molybdenum blue spectrophotometric method. This standard specifies a molybdenum blue spectrophotometric method for the determination of arsenic content in iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.0001 to 0.1% (m/m) of arsenic in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 9516-1 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of various elements by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry – Part 1 : Comprehensive procedure

This standard sets out a wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorencence procedure for the determination of iron, silicon, calcium, manganese, aluminium, titanium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur, pottasium, tin, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, lead and barium in iron ores. The method has been designed to cope with iron ores having high ignition losses. The method is applicable to iron ores regardless of mineralogical type. The determination of total iron content cannot be used for referee purposes.

MS ISO 9682-1 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of manganese content – Flame atomic absorption method. This standard specifies a flame atomic absorption method for the determination of manganese content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.01 to 3.0% (m/m) of manganese in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 11534 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of tin content – Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method. This standard specifies a flame atomic absorption spectrometric method for the determination of tin content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration range of 0.001 to 0.015% (m/m) tin in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products

MS ISO 13310 : 2004 - Iron ores – Determination of zinc content – Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method. This standard specifies a flame atomic absorption spectrometric method for the determination of zinc content of iron ores. This method is applicable to a concentration of 0.003 to 1.0% (m/m) of zinc in natural iron ores, and iron ore concentrates and agglomerates including sinter products.

MS ISO 15967 : 2004 - Direct reduced iron - Determination of tumble strength of hot iron briquetted iron (HBI) This standard specifies a method for the determination of the tumble strength of hot briquetted (HBI).

GREEN OCEAN CORPORATION SDN. BHD. (GOCEAN) - GO GREEN, BE GREEN, SELL GREEN - PERSONAL VIEWS BY NIK ZAFRI


(Latest Development! 10.15am - 30/12/2010
STOP PRESS : Plantation related stocks up"

As forecasted - with news that CPO will go up from RM3k-3.5k/metric tonne, today - as I speak - around 9.30am, 30/12/2010 - till now, GOCEAN is experiencing major changes in its price. Congratulations GOCEAN.)



Disclaimer : I do not represent the corporation in this article. Whatever being expressed is solely the author's opinion. Please refer their official website for further information.

I've been looking into some 'sleeping giants' for a long time.



And today I wish to speak on a corporation that attracts my attention for the last 2 weeks of trading. I hope everyone will share my enthusiasm.

(Please don't base your views on their current performance of shares...just read on)

The company was formerly known as Online One Corporation Berhad and changed its name to Green Ocean Corporation Berhad in April 2009. Green Ocean Corporation was incorporated in 2003 and is based in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia.

Green Ocean Corporation Berhad (GOCEAN), an investment holding company, engages in the development of biotechnology products in Malaysia.

As we all know, GREEN is now associated with almost all industries in this world. We have LEEDS Certification (Green Building), EMS ISO 14000, Sustainability, Big Campaigns and various environmental awards for corporations practicing GREEN as part of their corporate responsibility. GOCEAN is definitely one of them - with its strong motto - BUY GREEN, BE GREEN, SELL GREEN.

So to all GREEN lovers out there (yes I'm one of them), here's your chance to save the EARTH!

The company involves in crushing palm kernel, refining palm oil and palm kernel oil, and producing palm kernel expellers and cooking oil.

Despite some quarters felt that maintaining the neutral call on the Malaysian palm oil sector due to current 2 year old palm oil price upcycle, and that Malaysia is continuing with a plan to mandate a 5% palm-oil-based methyl ester blend in conventional diesel by June 2011 (next year), I still somehow notice significant changes in Bursa Malaysia Derivatives’ star product, the Crude Palm Oil Futures contract, or better known by all of us as the FCPO contract which has been cited as the MOST actively traded derivatives contracts and has been the GLOBALLY PREFERRED BENCHMARK FOR THE PRICING OF CPO.

If this is the case, then, GOCEAN and their counterparts will definitely see some significant changes next year. Let's say it's June, 2011, at least they can still prepare themselves for the changes.

GOCEAN also provides information communication technology solutions, including software, and third party hardware and software; implementation and integration services; business continuity outsourcing solutions; and business intelligence solutions.

Being a self-ICT-literate person myself, GOCEAN has definitely invested on the right product. The setback however is unexpected - perhaps GOCEAN is too ahead of time with this plan. Unless the corporation has something to do with government contracts (which I think they will be heading towards that direction) and in the future, taking in many ICT professionals in the field (during expansion), then I know in my heart that ICT is a GOOD Investment. Who knows, GOCEAN might hit the jackpot.

Apart from the abovementioned, GOCEAN offers financial services solutions, infrastructure services, business service management, and information security solutions.

Further, it engages in the research and development of palm oil related industries; and sales, marketing, and distribution of enzyme, conjugated linoleic acid, and direct fed microbials, as well as the marketing and distribution of storage solutions.

Now, can anyone tell me that GOCEAN has no potentials in 2011? I have also noticed some 'reengineering' are being actively done in the company - so someone inside GOCEAN is smart enough to prepare itself for 2011 - for the BEST. We can expect the Q3 2011 results next February. (aah you need tips : Look at the 'expected book value' and 'the future market value' based on my article herein - also look into debt/equity ratio...do some homework 'lah')

Figures might not look so interesting but it's the indicators in the figures that will tell investors what is the future for them. (I've read their past annual reports - I personally think that it's a highly potential company to invest in the long run)

I like to quote Yang Amat Berbahagia Tun Mohamed Dzaiddin Abdullah, Chairman of Bursa Malaysia in the recent 21st Palm & Lauric Oils Conference

"Whether it is for the physical or futures markets, in managing volatility, mitigating risk factors and ultimately ensuring that the industry remains vibrant, price trends are important for palm oil players."

MALAYSIA is a melting pot. A lot of people still do not realize it yet

PIAWAIAN SUMBER TENAGA DAN KAWALAN EMISI KARBON

Oleh Nik Zafri Abdul Majid - Januari, 2010

Seluruh dunia kini sedang memberikan perhatian yang serius kepada isu emisi karbon. Secara rambang hampir seluruh premis di dunia menyumbang kepada 50% penggunaan tenaga - ini termasuklah Malaysia. Isu emisi karbon dijangka akan mencetuskan pula fokus kepada kod dan piawaian tenaga - ini bermakna jika kita tidak mempunyai kod/piawaian atau ada kod piawaian tetapi tidak mencukupi, maka usaha untuk menaikkan taraf kod/piawaian yang sedia ada atau mewujudkan kod/piawaian yang lebih komprehensif perlu diadakan.

Mewujudkan atau menaiktaraf kod/piawaian adalah selaras dengan cadangan YB Dato' Seri Ong Ka Ting, Menteri Sumber Asli dan Alam Sekitar dalam Mesyuarat ke 3, Penggal 2, Parlimen 12 yang meminta satu pelan induk perlu digariskan oleh Kerajaan Malaysia untuk memastikan paras pengeluaran karbon di Malaysia benar-benar tidak menaik dan dapat dikawal sehingga ianya tidak lebih daripada paras tahun 2005 menjelang satu tempoh masa daripada sekarang.

Setakat artikel ini ditulis, saya mendapati satu standard (pada asalnya diterbitkan pada tahun 2004) dikenali sebagai 90.1 iaitu piawaian ASHRAE memberikan satu panduan untuk mencapai 30% penjimatan tenaga (draf standard ini dijangka terbit pada bila-bila masa dalam tahun 2010. Selain itu, standard seperti LEEDS (Green Building) and EMS ISO 14000 juga boleh dijadikan panduan kepada kawalan emisi karbon menerusi penjimatan tenaga.

Standard ini begitu penting pada Malaysia sebagai langkah awal mengawal pembaziran tenaga di samping emisi karbon. Jabatan Alam Sekitar, Jabatan Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan, Suruhanjaya Tenaga dsb. juga boleh bekerjasama dalam mewujudkan standard yang dimaksudkan.

Antara perkara-perkara yang boleh diambilkira ialah :

a) Keperluan penggunaan peralatan penyejuk (cooling/refrigeration) dan pemanas (heater/heating equipments) dalam semua jenis industri termasuk rumah kediaman yang mungkin berbeza mengikut cuaca/iklim negara berkenaan. Justifikasi cadangan saya ini ialah menghala kepada kesan ekonomi penggunaan peralatan berkenaan serta cara-cara penjimatan boleh dilakukan ke atas peralatan contohnya mengadakan alat penjimat tenaga secara 'built-in' kepada peralatan yang dimaksudkan.

b) Perkara-perkara yang kompleks seperti syarat-syarat untuk mendapat Sijil Layak Menduduki sesebuah bangunan juga perlu diambilkira - contohnya memberikan kelulusan kepada mereka yang mengutamakan penjimatan tenaga dan penjagaan alam sekitar atau konsep 'bangunan hijau' mengikut standard yang berkaitan.

c) Latihan, siri-siri ceramah dsb. bagi memastikan kefahaman atau mencetuskan kesedaran masyarakat atau kakitangan betapa pentingnya tahap emisi karbon dan penjimatan tenaga kepada mereka dalam bentuk wang ringgit.

Saya berharap agar standard/piawaian tenaga yang bakal dikeluarkan akan mengketengahkan syarat-syarat yang agak ketat supaya ianya dipatuhi demi trend semasa pasaran global dan suasana ekonomi yang sedang mengalami perubahan dalam konteks pembekalan tenaga.

Carbon Emission/Standards Malaysia need to come out with Master Plan and Codes of Practice on Carbon Emission/Energy Savings Agree but all parties must cooperate with the Government Disagree - our country is not at the critical level yet view results

The Star Global Malaysians Forum - Posted: 10 July 2005 at 6:07pm

(In response to another e-mail)

Dear friend

I do hope that the next time, you will try to post your question 'in the open'. You can use pseudonym if you want to. I adopt a 'transparent' concept in networking so that all forum members may benefit from it - it's a learning and teaching environment.

Here's the information that you've asked and lucky you - it's in BM as you wanted. Judging by the your 'questioning techniques', I'm pretty sure that you are from Civil and Building/Structural Engineering Works.

Please be reminded that this model may subject to (generic) minor/major changes if you are involved in highway construction (civil)

There's a lot more where that came from.

I do not have the full answer to your question on 'aggregate and concerete' but I do have something that may help you out. (the following is ONLY a preliminary research (literature review) and not the thesis itself)

Besides British Standards 812, you should also cross reference to BS 882 as well. Please contact BSI or SIRIM Library (I am unsure if they have an equivalent MS Standard..perhaps you can enquire - but I do also know that some BS standards are also available over there)

On your other query of how or where to start, try to make your own assumption first by creating your own target on the interelationship between the following values with the concrete strength and the targetted ages typically 7, 14 & 28 days:

* Aggregate Impact/Crush Values (please specify grade), x% fine values, water absorption Value, LA Abrasion Value, Polished Stone Value

The usual testings are Crush Cube and Flexural tests with respective dimensions of x X y X z mm (e.g. 150 X 150 X 150mm).

Sungai Long Industries (Bina Puri Group - Tan Sri Tee Hock Seng) was one of the quarry (in Hulu Langat) used to be under my direct ISO 9001:2000 consulting supervision. (now certified) Perhaps you can also contact them and refer to my name (find a guy called Baljit - if he's still there) I'm also unsure if they would allow you to take samples from them.

On your question about engaging quality management consultant, I must advise you not to engage QM Consultant having inferior or no knowledge at all in the construction industry - otherwise you'll end up in chaos! I've seen a small number of quality consultants (with the necessary professional affiliations) have spoiled their clients (main contractors) by giving a 'xerox QMS documentation' from a manufacturing industry. A client of mine was very lucky to catch hold of me when THEIR clients are 'shouting' to get the earthworks & piling method statements but instead were being given some work instructions that has no absolute relation to the client's specification, drawing, design brief and even contractual requirements. Even the procedures are text based and NONE of them are flow-chart/process-flow based. Although I have managed to pacify the Client (who was about to terminate the contract of the main contractor), I must admit that I was 'a bit dissapointed' to see this is happening as the scenario may have somehow (to a certain degree) 'spoiled' the reputation of genuine/experienced consultants.

You appear to have the necessary qualifications and experience in Construction both QA/QC, I think with proper guide, you can do it!

Many years ago, somewhere between 1995-1997 when I was the weekly columnist for Utusan Malaysia talking about ISO 9000, TQM, OSH & EMS, there was another columnist for The Star talking about ISO 9000 in the Construction Industry. His name is Tim D. Alcock and we kinda know each other. At that time Tim was working with a consulting firm known as QMI. I will e-mail you his latest e-mail address in UK. Another 'senior' company that has been doing ISO 9000 in the construction industry - LONG before construction ISO became a trend in Malaysia (that time, it was known as BS 5750) is a company called Balfour Beatty (also involved in the country's double track project) where I was in the Engineering Department in one of their projects many years back. You may also wanted to get in touch with them as well if you're in UK.