9 QUALITIES TO BECOME A GOOD LEADER - NIK ZAFRI

These are insights I’ve gathered over the last 30 years through experience and observation. When I first wrote this in 1999, there were 14 points but I’ve since summarize them into 9 core qualities, refined to suit 2025 and beyond. I’ve made them clear, memorable, and practical for everyday leadership.

It's my version of "Leadership" module

Of course, it shouldn’t take you another 30 years to apply them. Who knows, your leadership journey might just begin today.

1) KNOWLEDGABLE 

A good leader must possess strong domain knowledge and be well-informed about the industry, current trends, and the specifics of the organization. This includes:

• Technical expertise and decision-making frameworks,
• Understanding the roles and responsibilities of the team,
• Being aware of external factors like market forces, regulations, and competitors.
• Staying updated through continuous learning, training, and reading.

Why it matters: A knowledgeable leader earns respect, gives informed direction, and avoids costly mistakes.

2) DO THE RIGHT THING

Integrity and ethics are non-negotiable traits of leadership. 

• Stand for principles even when it’s hard or unpopular,
• Uphold fairness, transparency, and accountability,
• Be a role model in behavior, honesty, and consistency, lead by example

Why it matters: People follow leaders they trust. 

Doing the right thing builds long-term loyalty and credibility.

3) HEAD TO THE RIGHT DIRECTION

Leadership is about setting and aligning everyone with a clear vision.

• Set logical, measurable and achievable goals based on strategic foresight,
• Align the team’s work with the organization’s mission and values.
• Periodically reassess the path to ensure relevance.

Why it matters: A leader without direction leads a team to confusion. Purposeful direction gives clarity and unity.

4) WORK HARDER

Effort and commitment are infectious.

• Show dedication and passion through your work ethic.
• Don’t shy away from getting your hands dirty when needed.
• Be willing to put in the extra time to support your team or resolve crisis.

Why it matters: Hardworking leaders inspire their teams to rise above mediocrity and follow by example.

5) THINK OF NEW WAYS

If you're a seasoned professional, you may need to work with the younger generation. Innovation keeps the organization relevant and competitive.

• Be open to change and embrace creative thinking,
• Encourage brainstorming and experimentation without fear of failure (should you fail, do it again),
• Look for improvements in processes, products, and people development.

Why it matters: Stagnation is the enemy of progress. Leaders must innovate to adapt and thrive.

6) MAKE THE BEST DECISION

Not a popular decision, but the best decision

• Decision-making is at the heart of leadership,
• Base your choices on facts, resources, data, experience, and intuition, 
• Involve stakeholders when appropriate, but take responsibility and to be accountable,
• Balance risks and rewards with long-term implications in mind.

Why it matters: The ability to make timely, sound decisions determines whether a team succeeds or struggles.

7) BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY

Leadership must consider long-term viability, not just short-term gains.

• Balance economic success with environmental and social responsibility (ESG), 
• Invest in people, processes, and technologies that support sustainable growth.
• Make ethical decisions that preserve reputation and resources.

Why it matters: Sustainability ensures your organization endures and thrives in an ever-changing world.

8) BE A GOOD LISTENER

Effective communication starts with listening.

Practice active listening, seek to understand, not just to respond,

Show genuine empathy and openness to different views and feedback,

Use listening as a tool to detect problems early and build trust.

Why it matters: People feel valued and motivated when they are heard. It improves morale, loyalty, and problem-solving. (AND always reward good ideas)

9) CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT

Strive for excellence, not perfection.

Promote a culture where learning and improvement are continuous,

Encourage reflection, feedback, and growth - personally and organizationally,

Invest in upskilling, process optimization, and quality enhancement.

Why it matters: In a rapidly evolving world, continuous improvement is necessary to stay competitive and agile.

CONCLUSION 

"The impact of doing something is FAR more greater than doing nothing at all" - Nik Zafri

"True leadership is not about authority, it's about responsibility, humility, and vision" - Nik Zafri

t.

PROPERTY COMPANY - IT'S TIME TO REBRAND

I know this might be hard on some, but let’s admit it, just like #architectural, #construction and #consulting firms (which I have spoken enough on the subjects) - even a highly successful PROPERTY COMPANY can benefit from a "new breath of life", a strategic refresh that sustains relevance, competitiveness, and long-term growth without abandoning its core values and principles.

LET’S START WITH SOMETHING NOT TOO AMBITIOUS

HERE’S A TYPICAL 6 PHASE PROPOSED ROADMAP SUITABLE FOR PROPERTY COMPANIES OPERATING IN SOUTH EAST ASIA – Hope it helps

Thriving Through Organizational Change: Bridging Seasoned and Young Professionals - by Nik Zafri

 

“Change is the only constant” 

a phrase often repeated, rarely understood in its full weight until it lands on your desk, your workflow, or your job description. 

Organizational change whether driven by digital transformation, leadership shifts, restructuring, or market realignment is no longer a once-in-a-decade event. It is ongoing, accelerating, and multi-generational.

In my experience conducting motivation-based courses, I’m consistently asked the following two questions :

• How do professionals, young and seasoned alike, not just survive but thrive through change? 

• How can senior professionals remain relevant and respected even when reporting to younger bosses?

These are hard questions for me but I'll try to delve with case studies, research-backed insights, and actionable strategies for everyone in today’s evolving workforce.

1.0 The Reality: Change Is Disruptive (and Expensive)

According to McKinsey & Company , nearly 70% of organizational transformation efforts fail, largely due to :

• employee resistance, 
• lack of engagement, or 
• unclear communication. 

Yet when executed well, organizations that embrace structured change see productivity increase by up to 25% and employee satisfaction rise by 20–30%.

Meanwhile, a 2023 Deloitte Global Human Capital Trends survey found that:

61% of professionals felt overwhelmed by constant change,

48% feared being left behind due to digital transformation,

But 71% were willing to reskill or shift roles if given clarity and support.

Case Study 1: Siemens From Traditional Engineering to Digital Twin Leadership

Case Study 2: Unilever – Flattening Hierarchies and Empowering Young Leaders

2.0 How Can Young Professionals Adapt?

a. Stay Curious, Not Complacent

Ask questions, not just for knowledge but to learn from others' experience. Show humility when working with seniors, it earns trust and opens doors.

b. Get Comfortable with Ambiguity

Change is rarely clear-cut. Embrace iterative work and unstructured problem-solving.

c. Build Tech and People Skills Together

Digital skills are essential, but so is empathy, communication, and cross-generational respect.

3.0 How Can Seasoned Professionals Adapt?

4.0 What Happens When the Boss is Younger?

Let’s be honest, it’s awkward at first for both sides. 

BUT RESPECT IS EARNED, NOT DICTATED BY AGE

“In my mid-50s, I found myself reporting to a 32-year-old CMO. At first, I felt invisible. But once I started mentoring his team on stakeholder management and client psychology, skills AI can't teach he told me I was his most trusted partner.” - Former Global VP, now Leadership Coach

4.0 Conclusion

For All Professionals (Regardless of Age)

• Learn continuously. There are many platforms on the internet,
• Strengthen emotional intelligence. That’s what holds people together during turbulent change.
• Communicate transparently. Ask, share, clarify, silence kills culture.
• Adapt your role to value delivery, not title.
• Ask yourself - “How do I help the team win?” will beat “What’s in my job description?”

Change is no longer something to "get through." It's the new normal.

Whether you're a young professional fresh out of university, or a seasoned expert with 30 years under your belt, the real winners are those who:

• Stay flexible in their role,
• Stay humble in their approach,
• And stay human in how they work with others.

Because in a world where AI is doing more, it’s the human capacity to adapt, relate, and guide that becomes most valuable.

RPA VS AI - ARE THEY THE SAME OF OR DIFFERENT? - QUICK OVERVIEW BY NIK ZAFRI

I was looking into a posting of a close relative from a prestigious university when the topic of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) came up, particularly its role in accounting and finance. I’ve noticed that in Malaysia, especially within the ERP industrial community, there’s a growing preference to use the term AI rather than RPA. This is also the same question I’ve been asked multiple times.

To differentiate the two, (latch key gen), millennials to Gen X/Y are generally more familiar with RPA (which is related to the first generation AI and computers - 1940s-50s - ENIAC and UNIVAC - later FORTRAN/COBOL, 80s-90s - ERP, 2000 - RPA and now AI) , while those from Gen Z and above tend to recognize AI more readily. 

RPA focuses on automation, operating within a fixed set of rules (say a modern photocopier/xerox?), whereas 

AI involves intelligence, including pattern recognition, prediction, and decision-making.

Although they may seem similar, they serve different purposes but increasingly work hand in hand, complementing each other. To make the distinction clearer, I’ve summarized the key differences in a table for easier understanding.

MY SO-CALLED AI, ROBOTICS AND TECH ALMANAC

 

SHARING ECONOMY VS TRADITIONAL BRICK AND MORTAR IN THE 21ST CENTURY – BY NIK ZAFRI

 

The 21st century has seen a dramatic shift in how businesses operate, with the rise of the sharing economy challenging traditional brick-and-mortar businesses. The question of which is better depends on various factors, including industry, customer preferences, and economic conditions. 

(I still notice that many Malaysians are reluctant to use the simple Touch ‘n Go eWallet, citing reasons such as avoiding “taxes” (without realizing the benefits of the point system) and using “political excuses” (despite the fact that both high-ranking officials from the ruling government and the opposition also utilize it).

SO, WHICH ONE IS BETTER

Well, empirically speaking for a person who have been in both shoes - it all goes back to the industry and business model. You can't simply shift drastically from brick and mortar to sharing economy just because your competitor are doing it - what you need is Proper Planning.

• For services and rentals (transportation, accommodation, freelance work) → Sharing Economy is winning due to flexibility and lower costs.

• For products requiring a physical experience (luxury retail, dining, personal care) → Brick-and-Mortar still holds value due to customer trust and experience.
• For hybrid models - personally speaking - I would prefer this model (restaurants using food delivery apps, physical stores with online platforms) → The future may lie in a blended approach, where traditional businesses leverage digital tools.

Ultimately, businesses that adapt and integrate technology into their models - whether they are in the sharing economy or traditional sectors - will thrive in the 21st century.

(Your choice - and don't say "capital" or "money" as an excuse - there are so many resources available, as long as you want it)

RETAIL AND E-COMMERCE SECTORS IN MALAYSIA FROM 2023-2025 AND HOW AI IS BECOMING THE GAME CHANGER – OVERVIEW BY NIK ZAFRI

Between 2023 and 2025, Malaysia's retail and e-commerce sectors have experienced significant growth, driven by technological advancements, evolving consumer behaviors, and supportive government initiatives. 

1.0  Growth Trajectory

1.1 Market Expansion

In 2023 alone, Malaysia's e-commerce market reached approximately $10.2 billion, marking a 12.2% increase from the previous year.

Projections indicate that by 2028, the market will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.5%, reaching $15.7 billion.

2.0 Mobile Commerce Surge

The rise in smartphone usage has propelled mobile commerce, with mobile transactions accounting for over 50% of all online transactions. This trend is expected to continue, emphasizing the importance of mobile-optimized platforms for retailers.

3.0 Key Developments

3.1 Government Initiatives

The National eCommerce Strategic Roadmap (NESR) has been pivotal in promoting e-commerce adoption among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Between 2016 and 2023, approximately 1.51 million SMEs embraced e-commerce, enhancing their market reach and operational efficiency.

3.2 Alternative Payment Methods

In 2023, alternative payment solutions, including digital wallets and bank transfers, accounted for 35.7% of e-commerce transactions. This shift reflects consumers' preference for convenient and secure payment options.

4.0 Impact on the ASEAN Region

Malaysia's e-commerce growth significantly influences the broader ASEAN market. Among them :

4.1 Regional Trade Enhancement

The expansion of Malaysia's e-commerce facilitates increased cross-border trade within ASEAN, promoting regional economic integration and providing consumers with a wider array of products.

4.2 SME Empowerment

E-commerce serves as a crucial export enabler for ASEAN-6 micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). Notably, 90% of these MSMEs reported that they would not be able to export without e-commerce platforms, underscoring the sector's role in regional economic development.

Conclusion

From 2023 to 2025, Malaysia's retail and e-commerce sectors have undergone substantial growth, driven by technological adoption, supportive policies, and changing consumer preferences. This progression not only bolsters Malaysia's economy but also contributes to the economic dynamism of the ASEAN region.

HOW ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BECOMES A GAME CHANGER IN RESHAPING MALAYSIA’S RETAIL AND E-COMMERCE SECTORS

1.0 AI and Digital Transformation in Malaysia's Retail and E-Commerce

1.1 Enhanced Customer Experience 

Malaysian e-commerce platforms are leveraging AI to personalize shopping experiences. For instance, Lazada utilizes AI combined with Augmented Reality (AR) to offer personalized skincare solutions, allowing users to analyse their skin and receive tailored product recommendations.

1.2 Operational Efficiency

AI-driven tools are streamlining operations. Shopee's AI chatbot, Sophie, managed 18 million chats in 2023, resolving 80% of cases without human intervention, thereby enhancing customer satisfaction and reducing operational costs.

1.3 Fraud Detection

Payment platforms like iPay88 employ AI to monitor transaction patterns, enabling real-time fraud detection and ensuring secure online transactions.

2.0 Government Initiatives

The Malaysian government is actively fostering AI development. In December 2024, it established the National Artificial Intelligence Office to spearhead AI policy and regulation, aiming to position Malaysia as a regional AI hub.

3.0 Impact on the ASEAN Region

3.1 Economic Growth

AI is projected to boost Southeast Asia's GDP by 10% to 18% by 2030, translating to nearly $1 trillion.

3.2 Digital Integration

ASEAN countries are increasingly adopting digital technologies, enhancing regional connectivity and economic integration. Initiatives like the ASEAN Digital Economy Framework Agreement aim to standardize electronic processes, facilitating seamless digital trade across member states.

Conclusion

In summary, AI and digital transformation are pivotal in advancing Malaysia's retail and e-commerce sectors, contributing to economic growth and fostering deeper integration within the ASEAN region.

DUE DILIGENCE ON TROUBLED COMPANIES - A SIMPLE GUIDE BY NIK ZAFRI

 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF DUE DILIGENCE (ON TROUBLED COMPANIES)

Due diligence on a troubled company requires a particularly rigorous and comprehensive approach. It involves delving deeper into potential risks and liabilities than a typical due diligence process.  See the table below - please expand further. (Remember : It's not as easy as it looks)

hashtag#DueDiligence hashtag#Audit hashtag#RiskAssessment hashtag#RiskManagement 

MAKE SOME INCOME (By Nik Zafri)

The strategies employed to invest and increase income are often complex and multifaceted when it comes to "practical".

However, I found some common themes emerge all the time which I sum up as the core investment strategies.

1) Diversification

Spreading investments across various asset classes (stocks, bonds, real estate, commodities) to reduce risk is one good move.

2) Long Term Perspective

Always focus on building income over time rather than quick gains. In short, greed will make you lose, so be patient.

3) Leverage

When you borrow, increase them on potential returns - it's risky but once you strike, it's worth. You can also get ASB loan and let them invest or reinvest for you. In the long run, you might get handsome returns

4) Get a good advice

Although Warren Buffet might not agree with me, but if you can afford it especially when you have no experience, it's logical to employ financial advisors or wealth managers to handle investments.

5) Always pay tax but optimize them

Draw up a good strategies to minimize tax liabilities but never avoid from paying tax

There are quite a number of investment vehicles.

1) Stocks and Bonds

Investing in publicly traded companies and if you have heard of government debt, go for them.

2) Real Estate

Own properties for rental income or appreciation.(REIT)

3) Private Equity and Venture Capital

Investing in startups and private companies.

4) Hedge Funds

Pooled investment funds that use various strategies to generate returns.

Alternative Investments can be purchase of assets like art, collectibles, and commodities.

Additional Soft Income-Building Sources

1) Business Ownership - Creating and growing businesses.

2) Intellectual Property - Developing and protecting patents, copyrights, and trademarks.

3) Inheritance - if you come from a rich family.

4) Risk-Taking - Pursuing high-reward, high-risk ventures.

5) Networking - Building relationships with influential people.

Also, think the way successful people think.

You must have access to information for e.g. exclusive investment opportunities and market insights

You must adopt a risk tolerance attitude - allowing yourself to pursue higher-return investments.

Have a long term perspective (Time Horizon) - enabling yourself to weather market fluctuations.

Good luck, just sharing my perspective from my so-called research. No guarantee of success unless you really work hard and do not let failure stop you. Remember, investing involves risk, and past performance is not indicative of future results. Just conduct thorough research or consult experts before making investment decisions.

REFRESHER – BRANDING – WHAT IS IT REALLY – Overview by Nik Zafri

A look back into the branding trend.

Branding is the process of creating a unique identity and image for a :

a) product,

b) service,

c) company, or organization in the consumer's mind.

It involves the use of names, logos, slogans, designs, and other elements to distinguish a brand from its competitors and to establish a presence in the market. The goal of branding is to build recognition, trust, and loyalty among customers.

There are several types of branding, each serving a different purpose:

Industries that Use Branding

Branding is essential across various industries, including but not limited to:

Retail, Consumer Goods, Food and Beverage, Technology, Healthcare, Entertainment, Fashion, Automotive, Finance, Travel and Hospitality, Real Estate

Suppliers and Consultants for Branding

Branding suppliers and consultants are typically specialized agencies or individual experts who provide services to help companies develop and manage their brands.

These services might include:

• Brand Strategy Development
• Market Research 
• Logo and Identity Design
• Brand Messaging and Positioning
• Digital Marketing and Online Branding
• Packaging Design
• Public Relations
• Advertising Campaigns
• Social Media Management
• Content Creation

These agencies often have a global presence and work with large corporations, but there are also many boutique agencies and freelance consultants who specialize in branding for smaller businesses and specific niches.